Analysis of glass evidence

Almirall, José R.; Trejos, Tatiana

doi:10.1002/9781118897768.ch6

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…It is well‐known and well‐documented that the composition of float glass changes only slowly during the production process so that glass produced on the same day or on some consecutive days is expected to show essentially the same elemental composition. For example, glass produced in the same plant within days to sometimes a few weeks apart can usually not be discriminated by LA‐ICP‐MS 16,36,41 . Forensic examiners would take this into account in their consideration of glass evidence, if necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of chemical data from glass analysis for forensic purposes

Akmeemana

Weis

Corzo

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemometrics

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The aims of evaluating forensic evidence are to provide a transparent, coherent, and unbiased opinion of the value of the evidence to fact‐finders. Measurements from glass evidence in a hit‐and‐run, for example, can help decide if a particular vehicle was involved in the accident. The evaluation involves the comparison of the physical, optical, and chemical properties of the glass recovered from the broken window with glass fragments suspected of originating from the window. A standard method (ASTM E2927‐16e1) describes a consensus‐based approach to sampling, sample preparation, quantitative analysis and “match” criterion for comparison of chemical properties. The result is a binary decision of either finding a difference in the elemental composition (exclusion) or a failure to exclude, based on elemental composition. This study demonstrates the utility of likelihood ratio (LR) calculations using novel datasets of glass samples of known manufacturing history. The LRs calculated from comparing glass manufactured at three different plants over relatively short periods (over 2‐6 weeks) range from very low values (LR ~ 10−3) when the glass are manufactured at different plants or manufactured weeks‐months apart in the same plant to very high values (LR ~ 103) when the glass samples are manufactured on the same day. Although the glass samples being compared may not originate from the same broken window source, they do exhibit chemical similarity within these lower and upper bounds and the LRs presented here, for the first time, closely correlate chemical relatedness to manufacturing history, specifically the time interval between production. The work presented here supports the use of the match criteria recommended within ASTM E2927‐16e1 and provides a data‐driven path forward to expand on the interpretation of glass using LRs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of chemical data from glass analysis for forensic purposes

Akmeemana

Weis

Corzo

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemometrics

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“…In contrast, relatively few laboratories still use SEM‐EDS for glass comparisons because it is well known that its sensitivity is not suitable for detecting the most discriminating trace elements (Almirall & Trejos, 2015). However, when the sample size is too small to conduct ICP‐based or μXRF analysis, SEM‐EDS can be applied, but a statement of its limitations should be specified in the report.…”

Section: The Current State Of Methodologies For Forensic Glass Examin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glass is formulated with special properties for strength, safety, thermal and acoustic isolation, decorative features, and comfort. Therefore, properties like the glass refractive index and elemental composition vary widely across different end‐product types (Almirall & Trejos, 2015). Moreover, due to fluctuations in traces imparted by the geographical sources of raw materials and the production process, items fabricated in different production plants, or the same manufacturing site can also be distinguished after specific periods (Corzo et al, 2018; Dorn et al, 2015; Hoffman et al, 2018; Ryland, 2011; Trejos, Koons, Becker, et al, 2013; Weis et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once submitted to the laboratory, the forensic examiner determines if the physical and optical properties and the elemental composition of the compared items are distinguishable or not and assesses the significance of the evidence at the source and activity level to assist the investigation and the trier of fact (Almirall & Trejos, 2015; Kammrath et al, 2016). The type of glass, the rarity or commonality of the compared features among questioned and known samples, as well as the number of fragments or groups of fragments recovered, their relative location, and the time since the breaking all play an essential role in the overall interpretation of the evidence when considering the context of the case (Buzzini & Curran, 2020; Kammrath et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forensic glass examinations—A review focused on elemental spectrochemical analysis

Trejos

2022

WIREs Forensic Science

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Glass is a trace material commonly found at crime scenes that can provide valuable information at early investigative stages and during a trial. The forensic analysis of glass has steadily evolved since the 1970s with numerous technological advances in spectroscopy and spectrometry. This article presents an advanced review of the recent literature concerning the forensic examination of glass evidence and discusses the current state and future opportunities of the discipline. The review focuses on established elemental spectrochemical techniques, including Inductively Coupled Plasma methods (ICP), laser‐ablation, and x‐ray Fluorescence (XRF) methods, and newer applications using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Raman Spectroscopy, and accelerator and reactor nuclear techniques. A brief overview of the transfer, persistence, interpretation, and analytical schemes implemented in the field is revised to provide context to the discussion of the capabilities and limitations of the current and emerging technology. This article is categorized under: Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Trace Evidence

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“…Among the above mentioned established analytical techniques, ICP-OES (or MS), and LA-ICP-OES (or MS) are those who provide the best performance to fit the requirement of the elemental analysis for forensic science. 9 Such requirement can be in general expressed 3 in terms of limit of detection (LoD), precision, accuracy, discrimination power, sample consumption, time of analysis, ease of use and cost. Even though ICP or LA-ICP provides excellent analytical performance in terms of LoD, precision and accuracy, they are in general time-consuming, destructive for the sample, complicated to use (sample preparation) and quite expansive for the equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the performance of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of minor and trace elements in glass

Nègre

Motto-Ros

Pelascini

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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The analytical figures of merit of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for elemental analysis of glass have been evaluated using a laboratory prototype of LIBS instrument for the quantification of 4 elements, Ti, Cr, Ca and Ba. Two sets of samples were prepared or collected for the assessment. The first one consisted of 10 laboratory-prepared fused beads with the elemental content determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), an established analytical technique which was considered in our study as the reference technique for the assessment of the LIBS technique. Among them, 8 were used as reference samples and 2 as "unknown" samples for test. The calibration curves were thus established with the references. And the counter calibration led to the determination of the elemental content in the unknown samples. Such calibration procedure allowed assessing the figures of merit of LIBS together with the used setup and measurement protocol about a certain number of key parameters, such as the correlation to a linear regression of the calibration data, limit of detection (LoD), repeatability, reproducibility and relative accuracy. The second set of samples was collected from different origins and consisted of 8 bottle glass fragments, which were different in appearance (color, surface) and in content for the 4 analyzed elements.Their elemental concentrations were first determined using XRF. The LIBS calibration curves established with the fused beads were thus used to perform the analysis of 2 glass 2 fragments with elemental contents lying around the range of the calibration concentration.The further analysis of the ensemble of glass fragments allowed assessing the matrix effect introduced by the different types of glasses and extending the calibration curves over a very large concentration range from several ppm to several percent. We show that the selfabsorption effect observed over such large concentration range can be taken into account by using a quadratic regression.

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Analysis of glass evidence

Cited by 7 publications

References 93 publications

Interpretation of chemical data from glass analysis for forensic purposes

Interpretation of chemical data from glass analysis for forensic purposes

Forensic glass examinations—A review focused on elemental spectrochemical analysis

On the performance of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of minor and trace elements in glass

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