Analysis of ginseng root and leaf by multiple columns and detections liquid chromatography

Efficient strategies for preparative separation of iridoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa

“…In addition, some appropriate sample pretreatment technology (column chromatography) and post-processing method (in-column concentration) were also employed together with the separation strategies. In total, 27 compounds with high purity were characterized by MS, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR. These results demonstrated that the developed methods were valuable for the purification of compounds from complex natural products.…”

“…The MS analysis was performed on AB SCIEX X500B Q-TOF (SCIEX, USA). 1 H NMR spectra and 13 C NMR spectra were measured on a BRUKER AVANCE III-500 spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) ( 1 H NMR at 400 MHz; 13…”

“…Characterization of those compounds was conducted by MS, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR, and the chemical structures were shown in Figure 6. The 27 compounds were identified as uridine (1) [33], deacetyl asperuloside acid (2) [34], guanosine (3) [35], deacetyl asperuloside (4) [36], scandoside (5) [34], 5-methoxyfurfural (6) [37], vanillic acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (7) [38], diffuside (8) [39], glucosyringic acid (9) [40], scandioside methyl ester (10) [36], 7β-Hydroxy-11-methyl forsythide (11) [41], asperulosidic acid (12) [34], chlorogenic acid (13) [42], asperuloside (14) [36], 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (15) [43], vanillic acid ( 16 27) [54]. The detailed structural data for each compound was provided in Supporting Information.…”

“…The limited peak capacity and selectivity do not match the extreme complexity of TCMs, which is another challenge faced by prep-HPLC. 2D-LC techniques based on different separation mechanisms have been proposed by selecting different stationary phases, and mobile phases or changing some experimental parameters, for example, temperature, mobile phase's pH value, and salt concentration to adjust separation selectivity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Moreover, with the introduction of mixed-mode stationary phases such as C8SAX and C8SCX in 2D-LC, the strength of electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction involved in separation could be adjusted for better orthogonality and higher peak capacity [15].…”

Panasenoside as a marker for the discrimination of Ginseng root and leaf extracts

“…The compound has been isolated by preparative TLC and was finally identified by ms and nmr as kaempferol-3-O-glucosyl(1-2)galactoside, called panasenoside. Panasenoside was known as a constituent of leaves of P. ginseng 1 . However, this is the first report P. quinquefolius .…”