Analysis of genotypic diversity in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) based on some physiological characters

Abstract

Genetic diversity among 30 sesame genotypes, collected from different parts of India, was studied using measurements of leaf area index (LAI) obtained 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing (DAS), crop growth rates (CGR) estimated between the above leaf area measurements (i.e. 30 to 45 DAS, 45 to 60 DAS and 60 to 75 DAS), days to peak flowering, duration of flowering, duration from peak flowering to maturity and oil yield per plant. The normalised Euclidean distance was calculated from the data, and, independently, the Mahalanobis D 2 statistics was calculated after dimensionality was reduced by pivotal condensation. The clustering pattern obtained by D 2 analysis agreed closely with the dendrogram constructed from the Euclidean distance matrix.In general, the distribution pattern of genotypes in different clusters indicated that genetic divergence was not related to geographical differentiation. However, it was evident that a certain degree of genotypic divergence resulted from the geographic origin of the cultivars. Duration from peak flowering to maturity contributed most to the observed diversity, followed by days to peak flowering, duration of flowering, LAI at 30 DAS and 75 DAS, oil yield per plant and LAI at 60 DAS. Therefore, a greater emphasis should be laid on these characters in the selection of parents for further breeding programmes.

Utility of some floral characters in the assessment of genetic diversity in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

“…Accessions in cluster III were also white seeded whereas those in cluster IV consist of black (AYK) and brown (65-8B) seeded types. Clustering of accessions/landraces from different eco-geographical locations into one cluster were observed in this study which are attributable to the possibility of free exchange of breeding materials among widely separated locations (Banerjee and Kole, 2009). Some accessions/landraces of common geographical locations (Batsari L and Daneka I) were also observed to form different clusters, a situation that may be explained by their parental developmental traits, past history of selection and different outcrossing rates (Bhat et al, 1999).…”

Genetic diversity computation in sesame genotypes using morphological traits and genic SSR markers

“…from different states of India and also from different countries. This indicates that genetic divergence of genotypes is independent of geographic origin as has also been reported earlier by Banerjee and Kole (2009) and Ramprasad et al (2017) in sesame and Goyal and Bisen (2017) in niger. The hybridization between the genotypes of different clusters is expected to get desirable segregants.…”

Physiological quality of sesame seed harvested at different plant positions and maturity stages

“…The sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is from the Pedaliaceae family and considered to be one of the oldest oil seeds used by humans. There have been registers of its cropping since 5,000 B.C., in Asia and it is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions (Ashri, 1998;Banerjee and Kole, 2009). It thrives well in drained soil with moderate fertility at pH 5.4 to 6.7 and can effectively use stored soil moisture (Morris, 2009).…”

“…It is also noteworthy that determining the ideal harvest moment for dehiscent sesame is hard because capsule maturity is uneven, for it is a plant that has undetermined growth (Banerjee and Kole, 2009). Regarding the cultivar, premature super BRS silk, the quality of seeds in the apical part of the plant can be harmed because they have not reached physiological maturity in this stage of harvest.…”