Analysis of genomic rearrangement and subsequent gene deletion of the attenuated Orf virus strain D1701

The genome of pseudocowpoxvirus: comparison of a reindeer isolate and a reference strain

“…However, this is most probably due to duplication and translocation of sequence from the right terminus of the genome to the left terminus of the genome, a process which is often accompanied by deletion of sequence at the left terminus of the genome. This is a common phenomenon in poxviruses that have been passaged in cell culture and has been reported previously for ORFV (Fleming et al, 1995;Cottone et al, 1998;McInnes et al, 2001). One open reading frame (ORF) encoding a predicted protein of 150 aa was found entirely within the F00.120R ITR and therefore is repeated at both ends of the genome (ORF 001/ 134).…”

Relatedness and heterogeneity at the near-terminal end of the genome of a parapoxvirus bovis 1 strain (B177) compared with parapoxvirus ovis (Orf virus)

“…Due to a rearrangement of terminal sequences, the highly attenuated ORFV strain D1701 contains two copies of the VEGF-E and IL-10 genes (Cottone et al, 1998;Rziha et al, 1999). Recently, it was suggested that BPSV, PCPV and PVNZ do not harbour an ORFV-like IL-10 gene (Fleming et al, 2000).…”

“…This virus isolate was obtained from a typical nonproliferative BPS lesion from a calf muzzle by inoculation of foetal bovine kidney cells. Before plaque purification and isolation of viral DNA, B177 was propagated a maximum of three times in the bovine kidney cell line BK-KL3A (Cottone et al, 1998). Southern blot hybridization using 32 P-labelled probes was performed as described by Cottone et al (1998).…”

“…Before plaque purification and isolation of viral DNA, B177 was propagated a maximum of three times in the bovine kidney cell line BK-KL3A (Cottone et al, 1998). Southern blot hybridization using 32 P-labelled probes was performed as described by Cottone et al (1998). The plasmid pVEGF was used as a probe specific for the D1701 VEGF-E gene , which shows 90 % nucleotide identity to that of ORFV strain NZ2 .…”

Transcript mapping of the ‘early’ genes of Orf virus

“…We also found that the ORFV orthologues of the VACV J6R and A24R genes were expressed early. Orthologues of VAVC E9L, E3L and F12L and the ORFV genes provisionally named G1L, E3L and E2L (not present in the Orf-11 genome) have all been reported previously to be expressed early (Mercer et al, 1989(Mercer et al, , 1996bFleming et al, 1995;Sullivan et al, 1995b;Cottone et al, 1998Cottone et al, , 2002McInnes et al, 1998). Taken together this would suggest that there are at least 44 early genes within the ORFV genome.…”