Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Czech Spotted Dog

Machová, Karolína; Kranjčevičová, Anita; Vostrý, L.; Krupa, E.

doi:10.3390/ani10081416

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…In contrast, only about 20% of the 581 ancestors of the dogs were inbred, with average inbreeding values of 1.8% for all ancestors and 8.8% for inbred ones. These results were similar to or lower than those for other dog breeds obtained by different authors (1,12,(36)(37)(38)58).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previously, Jansson and Laikre (31) studied the 26 dog breeds registered in Sweden and found that their health status did not depend on the level of inbreeding. Machová et al (38) found that the Czech Spotted dog breed is now relatively healthy despite the high level of inbreeding in most of the active population. It is, however, a unique dog breed, used primarily as laboratory animals, and it was created assuming that the homozygosity level must be as high as possible because all animals had to be genetically almost identical for laboratory purposes.…”

Section: Tab 5 Distribution Of Genetically Tested Animals By Classes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of inbreeding on the occurrence of genetic defects in Chinese Crested dogs

BARTNIKOWSKA¹,

KANIA-GIERDZIEWICZ²

2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of inbreeding on the frequency of hereditary diseases and the number of genetically tested dogs. The pedigrees of 100 Chinese Crested dogs from Polish Kennel Club and information about genetic tests for hereditary eye diseases and other veterinary diagnoses were collected. Inbreeding coefficients and relatedness were estimated for all dogs examined. The relationship between the level of inbreeding and genetic testing was analysed with logistic regression. The relationship between the occurrence of eye disease carriers and sex or the level of inbreeding was also tested. A significant relationship (P < 0.01) was found between inbreeding and the number of animals genetically tested for PLL eye disease. The effect of sex or the level of inbreeding on the eye disease carrier status was non-significant (P > 0.05). However, in some inbred animals the status of the eye disease carrier could be connected with inbreeding, although this needs further research. We found that most of the dogs had related parents and genetic defects. We also found that the breeders often used related dogs, which reduced the genetic diversity of the group and caused hereditary diseases. We suggest that Chinese Crested dog breeders be more open about publishing DNA-test results, which is fundamental for the health of the breed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Tab 5 Distribution Of Genetically Tested Animals By Classes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inbreeding on the occurrence of genetic defects in Chinese Crested dogs

BARTNIKOWSKA¹,

KANIA-GIERDZIEWICZ²

2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients (F) vary widely among different dog breeds [ 12 , 13 , 14 ] ( Table S1 ). Czech Spotted Dogs (F = 0.36), Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers (F = 0.26), American dog guides (F = 0.15/0.26) and Polish Lowland Sheepdogs (F = 0.18) had particularly high inbreeding coefficients [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Other highly inbred dog breeds included Polish Hunting Dogs and Greyhounds, Lancashire Heeler, Ibizan hounds, Bichon frise, Lundehund and Hungarian Border Collies [ 13 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Trends of Ancestral and New Inbreeding in Deutsch Drahthaar Assessed by Pedigree Data

Michels

Distl

2022

Animals

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Loss of genetic diversity and high inbreeding rates confer an increased risk of congenital anomalies and diseases and thus impacting dog breeding. In this study, we analyzed recent and ancestral inbreeding as well as other measures of genetic variability in the Deutsch Drahthaar (DD) dog population. Analyses included pedigree data from 101,887 animals and a reference population with 65,927 dogs born between 2000 and 2020. The mean equivalent complete generations was 8.6 with 69% known ancestors in generation 8. The mean realized effective population size was 92 with an increasing trend from 83 to 108 over birth years. The numbers of founders, effective founders and effective ancestors, as well as founder genomes, were 814, 66, 38 and 16.15, respectively. Thirteen ancestors explained 50% of the genetic diversity. The mean coefficient of inbreeding and individual rate of inbreeding (ΔFi) were 0.042 and 0.00551, respectively, with a slightly decreasing trend in ΔFi. Exposure of ancestors to identical-by-descent alleles explored through ancestral coefficients of inbreeding showed a strong increasing trend. Comparisons between new and ancestral inbreeding coefficients according to Kalinowski et al. showed an average relative contribution of 62% of new inbreeding to individual inbreeding. Comparisons among average coancestry within the parental population and average inbreeding in the reference population were not indicative of genetic substructures. In conclusion, the creation of the DD dog breed about 120 years ago resulted in a popular breed with considerable genetic diversity without substructuring into lines or subpopulations. The trend of new inbreeding was declining, while ancestral inbreeding through ancestors who were autozygous at least once in previous generations was increasing.

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“…Closed populations with such a small number of founding animals normally occur in the wild and some even go through in situ speciation [67]. However, the emergence of such populations is more often captured in new breeds of domesticated animals or laboratory strains, in the creation of which humans are directly involved [68][69][70][71]. The most common problem of such populations is severe inbred depression [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genealogical analysis of European bison population revealed a growing up population despite very low genetic diversity

et al. 2022

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In 1919, the European bison population became extinct in the wild. The rescue of the lowland subspecies and the whole species was achieved mainly thanks to individuals from the Białowieża Forest (Polish-Belarusian border). There are currently two breeding lines—the lowland (purebred B. b. Bonasus) founded by 7 individuals and the lowland-Caucasian (hybrids of B. b. Bonasus and B. b. caucasicus) founded by 12 individuals. This genealogical study was conducted on 15,071 individuals recorded in the pedigree book between 1881 and 2020. Its objective was to determine the level of genetic variability and inbreeding almost 100 years after the rescue measures were initiated. The completeness of the pedigree of the reference population was 77% in the fifth generation backwards. A maximum of 23 generations can be traced back in the pedigree. The average inbreeding coefficient and the mean average relatedness of the reference population were very high, about 17% and 16% respectively. No significant amount of new inbreeding was discovered. The reference population has lost 9.11% of the total genetic diversity compared to the population of founders. A male of the Caucasian subspecies Kaukasus was discovered among the ancestors of the lowland lineage reference population. The effective population size calculated based on the increase in inbreeding was 23.93 individuals, based on complete generations equivalent it was 16.1 individuals. Wright’s F-statistics showed very small differences in genotypic frequencies between individuals within the two lineages in the reference population (FIS = 0.10), between individuals and the total population (FIT = 0.04) and low differentiation between lineages (FST = 0.06). The population of the European bison from the Białowieża Forest is generally very uniform but still shows good fitness.

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Analysis of Genetic Diversity in the Czech Spotted Dog

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of inbreeding on the occurrence of genetic defects in Chinese Crested dogs

Effect of inbreeding on the occurrence of genetic defects in Chinese Crested dogs

Genetic Diversity and Trends of Ancestral and New Inbreeding in Deutsch Drahthaar Assessed by Pedigree Data

Genealogical analysis of European bison population revealed a growing up population despite very low genetic diversity

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