Analysis of generalized interictal discharges using quantitative EEG

Braga, Aline Marques da Silva; Fujisao, Elaine Keiko; Betting, Luiz Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.09.004

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Finally, in our IGE group the most significant increase was in the left ACC. Importantly, there is a large literature showing that lateralized abnormalities are possible in IGE, underlying that structural and electrophysiological changes can be prominent on one hemisphere even in generalized epilepsies that are considered related to bihemispheric widespread networks rather than to generalized abnormalities (Szaflarski, DiFrancesco et al 2010, da Silva Braga, Fujisao et al 2014, Seneviratne, Cook et al 2014. Our findings are in line with these observations.…”

Section: A Possible Role Of the Acc In The Generation Of Generalized supporting

confidence: 91%

Nicotinic receptor abnormalities as a biomarker in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Garibotto

Wissmeyer²,

Giavri³

et al. 2018

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Mutations of cholinergic neuronal nicotinic receptors have been identified in the autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE), associated with changes on PET images using [ 18 F]-F-85380-A (F-A-85380), an α4β2 nicotinic receptor ligand. The aim of the present study was to evaluate potential changes in nicotinic receptor availability in other types of epilepsy. Methods: We included 34 male participants, 12 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), 10 with non lesional diurnal focal epilepsy, and 12 age-matched healthy controls. All patients underwent PET/CT using F-A-85380 and [ 18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), 3D T1 MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). F-A-85380 and FDG images were compared with the control group using a voxel-wise (SPM12) and a volumes of interest (VOI) analysis. Results: In the group of patients with IGE, the voxel-wise and VOI analyses showed a significant increase of F-A-85380 ratio index of binding potential (BPRI, corresponding to the receptor availability) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), without structural changes on MRI. At an individual level, F-A-85380 BPRI increase in the ACC could distinguish IGE patients from controls and from patients with focal epilepsy with good accuracy. Conclusions: We observed focal changes of density/availability of nicotinic receptors in IGE, namely an increase in the ACC. These data suggest that the modulation of α4β2 nicotinic receptors plays a role not only in ADNFLE but also in other genetic epileptic syndromes such as IGE and could serve as a biomarker of epilepsy syndromes with a genetic background.

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Section: A Possible Role Of the Acc In The Generation Of Generalized supporting

confidence: 91%

Nicotinic receptor abnormalities as a biomarker in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Garibotto

Wissmeyer²,

Giavri³

et al. 2018

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…This investigation supports that the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex may be involved in the pathophysiology of generalized tonic–clonic seizures in IGE . Using routine electroencephalography (EEG), quantitative source analyses also revealed the anterior cingulate gyrus as the main source for GSW discharges …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…27 Using routine electroencephalography (EEG), quantitative source analyses also revealed the anterior cingulate gyrus as the main source for GSW discharges. 5 The posterior cingulate may also be involved in the mechanism of GSW discharges. A study using EEG and fMRI in 15 patients presenting absence seizures and 262 GSW discharges showed blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) changes primarily in the precuneus and posterior cingulate region starting approximately 10 s before GSW discharges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative analysis of generalized spike and wave (GSW) discharges showed that they originate in the frontal lobe, especially in the anterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal gyrus . Resting‐state functional MRI (fMRI) could demonstrate increased connectivity between para‐cingulate cortex and anterior thalamus .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Quantitative analysis of generalized spike and wave (GSW) discharges showed that they originate in the frontal lobe, especially in the anterior cingulate cortex and medial frontal gyrus. 5 Resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) could demonstrate increased connectivity between para-cingulate cortex and anterior thalamus. 6 Despite evidence pointing to the involvement of the cingulate gyrus, the exact importance and participation of this structure in the mechanisms of IGE is still unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the cingulate cortex in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

et al. 2015

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SUMMARYObjective: Studies using quantitative neuroimaging have shown subtle abnormalities in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). These findings have several locations, but the midline parasagittal structures are most commonly implicated. The cingulate cortex is related and may be involved. The objective of the current investigation was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the cingulate cortex using multiple quantitative structural neuroimaging techniques. Methods: Thirty-two patients (18 women, 30 AE 10 years) and 36 controls (18 women, 32 AE 11 years) were imaged by 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A volumetric three-dimensional (3D) sequence was acquired and used for this investigation. Regions-of-interest were selected and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses compared the cingulate cortex of the two groups using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8) and VBM8 software. Cortical analyses of the cingulate gyrus was performed using Freesurfer. Images were submitted to automatic processing using built-in routines and recommendations. Structural parameters were extracted for individual analyses, and comparisons between groups were restricted to the cingulate gyrus. Finally, shape analyses was performed on the anterior rostral, anterior caudal, posterior, and isthmus cingulate using spherical harmonic description (SPHARM). Results: VBM analyses of cingulate gyrus showed areas of gray matter atrophy, mainly in the anterior cingulate gyrus (972 mm 3 ) and the isthmus (168 mm 3 ). Individual analyses of the cingulate cortex were similar between patients with IGE and controls. Surface-based comparisons revealed abnormalities located mainly in the posterior cingulate cortex (718.12 mm 2 ). Shape analyses demonstrated a predominance of anterior and posterior cingulate abnormalities. Significance: This study suggests that patients with IGE have structural abnormalities in the cingulate gyrus mainly localized at the anterior and posterior portions. This finding is subtle and variable among patients.

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