Analysis of Gastric Emptying Data

Elashoff, Janet D.; Reedy, Terry J.; Meyer, James H.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(82)80145-5

Cited by 461 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Mammalian physiologists have attempted to describe gastric emptying using a wide range of mathematical expressions (Stubbs, 1977;ElaShoff et al, 1982;Moreto et al, 1982;Smith et al, 1984), all of which imply that the emptying of food from the stomach is a smooth, continuous process. There is considerable disagreement about which mathematical expression gives the best description of gastric emptying curves in fish species (Jobling, 1981;MacDonald et al, 1982;Time…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of food particle size and dietary energy content on patterns of gastric evacuation in fish: test of a physiological model of gastric emptying

Jobling

1987

Journal of Fish Biology

141

127

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The evacuation of food from the stomach is probably not a continuous smooth process but may occur in a pulse-like (step-wise) fashion. It is hypothesised that the pattern of emptying is influenced by feedback signals from receptors located in the upper intestinal tract and by factors affecting the rate of physical/chemical breakdown of the food particles. Mathematical functions used for describing evacuation patterns imply that emptying is continuous and they are, therefore, at best, only approximations. It was predicted that different mathematical expressions would give best fit to empirical data from gastric evacuation studies dependent upon the experimental conditions employed. An analysis of published data supported the predictions and revealed that an exponential function best described the evacuation of small, easily digested prey items, but a linear expression gave the best fit to data of the emptying of large food items. It is suggested that differences in surface-to-volume ratios between large and small food particles and the friabilities of different food types are important in determining the pattern of emptying. Whilst dietary energy content also appears to be an important factor in the governing of gastric evacuation, it appears that emptying pattern in fish species is rather less sensitive to changes in dietary composition than is gastric emptying in mammals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of food particle size and dietary energy content on patterns of gastric evacuation in fish: test of a physiological model of gastric emptying

Jobling

1987

Journal of Fish Biology

141

127

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“…Many approaches to this data reduction have been proposed, but there is no standard numerical formulation. Basically, the method should take into account the whole curve rather than focusing separately on specific time points or only a part of the curve (Elashoff et al, 1982). Thus, gastric emptying curves have been characterized by a variety of approximations, including linear and exponential curve fits (Fig.…”

Section: Gastric Emptyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, gastric emptying curves have been characterized by a variety of approximations, including linear and exponential curve fits (Fig. 4), from which the half-time of emptying, rate of emptying (percentage per min) or the percentage retention at different time points can be derived (Elashoff et al, 1982). The gastric mean emptying time can also be calculated from the area under the raw time-activity curve (Madsen & Jensen, 1989).…”

Section: Gastric Emptyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scintigraphic assessment of gastrointestinal motility: a brief review of techniques and data interpretation

Madsen

2013

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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Gastrointestinal transit reflects overall gastrointestinal motor activity and is regulated by a complex interplay between neural and hormonal stimuli. Thus, transit measurements provide a measure of the combined effects of gastrointestinal muscular activity and feedback from the gut and brain. Dysmotility in the different major segments of the gastrointestinal tract may give rise to similar symptoms; hence, localizing transit abnormalities to a specific segment is a valuable element of diagnostic evaluation. Scintigraphy is an effective noninvasive tool to assess gastric emptying as well as small intestinal and colonic transit. This article reviews current imaging techniques, methods for data processing and principles for evaluating results when scintigraphy is used to assess gastrointestinal motility. Furthermore, clinical indications for performing scintigraphy are reviewed.

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“…at the end ofthe meal. The Ti was determined by fitting a power exponential curve to the emptying curve [19]. The course of the power exponential curve is determined by the two variables T] and the power exponent, the latter of which determines deviations from a monoexponential decay curve.…”

Section: Gastric Emptying Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power exponential curve was fitted to the emptying curve using a nonlinear least squares method. The quality of the fit is represented by the parameter R2, which should approximate 1·0 [19].…”

Section: Gastric Emptying Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Cholecystokinin is a physiological hormonal mediator of fat‐induced inhibition of gastric emptying in man

Kleibeuker

Beekhuis

Jansen

et al. 1988

Eur J Clin Investigation

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The effect of cholecystokinin-33 on gastric emptying was studied in eight healthy men. The test meal was a firm custard pudding, labelled with 99mTc-Chelex-100 particles. Gastric emptying rate was measured, using a dual-headed gamma camera, and was expressed as the half time of the emptying curve. Plasma cholecystokinin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Subjects were studied three times: (i) during infusion of saline; during cholecystokinin infusion, (ii) 0.375 IDU kg-1 h-1 and (iii) 0.75 IDU kg-1 h-1. Furthermore, plasma cholecystokinin was determined after a regular meal. During saline, plasma cholecystokinin increased minimally. After the regular meal it increased from 1.6 to 6.5 pmol l-1 at 30 min, decreasing to 5.3 pmol l-1 at 60 min. During the lower and higher doses of cholecystokinin it increased from 1.0 and 1.4 to 4.5 and 7.3 pmol l-1, respectively. The lower and higher doses significantly (P less than 0.05) increased half emptying time, from 45 +/- 8 to 86 +/- 17 and 198 +/- 50 min, respectively. Cholecystokinin is most likely a physiological hormonal mediator of fat-induced inhibition of gastric emptying.

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Analysis of Gastric Emptying Data

Cited by 461 publications

References 8 publications

Influences of food particle size and dietary energy content on patterns of gastric evacuation in fish: test of a physiological model of gastric emptying

Influences of food particle size and dietary energy content on patterns of gastric evacuation in fish: test of a physiological model of gastric emptying

Scintigraphic assessment of gastrointestinal motility: a brief review of techniques and data interpretation

Cholecystokinin is a physiological hormonal mediator of fat‐induced inhibition of gastric emptying in man

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