Analysis of fuel rod performance per cycle: Temperature field, FGP release, swelling

Review of the Latest Opinions and Theories Regarding the Development of Technical and Agricultural Sciences

“…The paper of [285] focuses on the effect of concentration of Clions in water on corrosion of zirconium alloy E-110 at 300 С. In this study by the data of the analysis, the initial distilled water contained not more than 0.5 mg/L of chlorine ions in total.…”

“…According to reference data of [288], the water solutions of iodine compounds (NaI, KI), even with their high concentration (10-60%), do not cause considerable corrosion of zirconium and its alloys at temperatures to 100-105 С. Authors of paper of [285] consider that ions of iodine and bromine (content of bromine in ocean water according to the data of [289] is approximately 1000 time higher in comparison with iodine) can cause local corrosion of zirconium alloys. Iodine, as well as bromine, forms oxy acids and the corresponding halogenide-ions when dissolving in water, for example: [287].…”

“…Summarizing the above-mentioned, on the basis of the paper of [285], a conclusion can be made that some increase in concentration of chlorine ions in high-temperature water (to 500 mg/L) does not cause increase in corrosion of alloy E-110 and is not hazardous. For the alloy with surface pollution after ~ 1500 h the rate of growth in mass of specimens begins to increase, and for non-polluted specimensto decrease, that is, in the latter case the rise in protective properties of the film is observed.…”

“…Among the ocean salts, the major ones are sodium and magnesium chlorides and sulphates. Among the chlorides, the basic dissolved compounds are: NaCl (27 g/L), MgCl 2 (6 g/L), KCl and CaCl 2 (1 g/L each) [283][284][285][286][287]. Namely such compounds and in such ratio are recommended to be taken for preparation of solution in climatic tests of the equipment under the conditions of sea (salt) fog [288][289][290].…”

Algorithms for processing self-powered neutron detector signals important for determination of local parameters in each part of the VVER core

“…For the purpose of calculation accuracy of fuel rod [11] linear power density and reliability of protection signal, which generates on the basis of this parameter, the value of linear power of the most stressed fuel rod of FA that contains working group CPS CR in (i,j) section of the core is determined on the basis of duplicated statistical summarising according to the following formula [5]:…”