Analysis of formaldehyde and acrolein in the aqueous samples using a novel needle trap device containing nanoporous silica aerogel sorbent

Abstract

In this research, a needle trap device (NTD) packed with nanoporous silica aerogel as a sorbent was used as a new technique for sampling and analysis of formaldehyde and acrolein compounds in aqueous and urine samples. The obtained results were compared with those of the commercial sorbent Carboxen1000. Active sampling was used and a 21-G needle was applied for extraction of gas in the sample headspace. The optimization of experimental parameters like salt addition, temperature and desorption time was done and the performance of the NTD for the extraction of the compounds was evaluated. The optimum temperature and time of desorption were 280 °C and 2 min, respectively. The ranges of limit of detection, limit of quantification and relative standard deviation (RSD) were 0.01-0.03 μg L, 0.03-0.1 μg L and 2.8-7.3%, respectively. It was found that the NTD containing nanoporous silica aerogel had a better performance. Thus, this technique can be applied as an effective and reliable method for sampling and analysis of aldehyde compounds from different biological matrices like urine, exhalation and so on.

Occupational Exposure and Risk Assessment of Formaldehyde in the Pathology Departments of Hospitals

“…Formaldehyde also is an important precursor to many other materials and chemical compounds. Because of these properties, exposure to formaldehyde has adverse effects (Jalili et al, 2019;Barkhordari et al, 2017;Attari et al, 2015) on health, including acute effects (e.g., bronchial asthma (Suzuki et al, 2017), chemosensory irritation (Bellisario et al, 2016;Persoons et al, 2011;Vimercati ppm. The recommended exposure limit (REL) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for formaldehyde is 0.016 ppm (8-hour TWL) (Vohra, 2011).…”

A comprehensive methodology based on NTME/GC-MS data and chemometric tools for lemons discrimination according to geographical origin

“…In NTME, VOCs are forced to cross over the sorbent packed inside the needle, being the analytes trapped into sorbent [15][16][17][18][19]23,24]. Thus, the choice of an appropriate sorbent material is one of the critical factors to obtain a good recovery and high enrichment factors [11,[16][17][18][19].…”

“…Nevertheless, to further improve selectivity and specificity towards target compounds, new sorbent materials, including synthetic polymers and nanostructured based materials, are being developed. This includes SiO2@cis-9-octadecenoic acid, molecularly imprinted sol-gel xerogel [9] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), CNT/silica composite, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/silica composite (MWCNTs/Si), graphene (G), graphene nano-platelets silica composite (G/Si), polythiophene-silver nanocomposite (PT-Ag), graphene oxide (GO) and nanoporous silica aerogel (NPSA) [9,15,24,25]. Other experimental factors such as extraction time, sample amount and headspace volume, are key parameters on the NTME efficiency.…”

“…Desorption of the analytes require quick (few seconds) single-stage thermal desorption, being the analytes efficiently transferred to the GC-MS system with minimum or none carryover [15,23,24,26]. Under the same GC injection conditions, the thermal desorption is faster in NTME than in SPME, overcorrecting the downside of the SPME technique with a highest sensitivity and speed [7,24]. As summarized by Barkhordari et al, NTME has been used mainly for isolation of VOCs from air, water and exhaled breath samples [24].…”

Characteristics and health effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in an urban area in Iran

“…According to United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), FA and AA are classified as group B1 (human carcinogen) and group B2 (probable human carcinogen) species, respectively (de Mendonça Ochs et al, 2015; Rodrigues et al, 2012; USEPA, 1999a, 1999b). In addition, FA leads to eye irritation, a dry or sore throat, mucous membranes, a tingling sensation of the nose, menstrual disorders, pregnancy problems, and bronchial asthma-like symptoms (Barkhordari et al, 2017; Ho et al, 2016; Kanjanasiranont et al, 2017; Tunsaringkarn et al, 2012c; U.S.EPA, 2000). Furthermore, effects of AA on the human health include headache, vomiting, eye irritation, nausea, mucous membranes, and negative impacts on skin, throat, and the respiratory tract (Kanjanasiranont et al, 2017; Tunsaringkarn et al, 2012c; U.S.EPA, 2000).…”