Abstract:The quality of furnace heating is one of the main limiting factors that determine the service life of a blast furnace (BF) after new construction or overhaul. In this paper, based on the theory of heat transfer, the 3D-CFD/FEM technology (Three-dimensional-Computational Fluid Dynamics/Finite Element Method) is used to establish a finite element model of the gas flow characteristics of the hearth and the furnace bottom. The close relationship between the target of modern high-quality furnace heating and the hea… Show more
“…Moreover, using a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting steel scrap is advantageous as it offers direct input of heat into the metal that ensures rapid heating, controlled bath movement that guarantees uniform temperature, high thermal efficiency, and easy implementation [17]. A previous study indicates that, in the alloying process, adding a molten alloy (melted in the induction furnace) provided a much higher yield than that obtained when adding a solid alloy [18]. This study aimed to produce an alloy steel using ferroalloys.…”
The annual cumulative quantity of high and medium alloy steel scrap has exceeded 10 million tons. Using the traditional smelting process involving electric arc refining in a smelting furnace for these scraps causes high percentages of alloy losses, which decreases the value of the alloy steel scrap and poses environmental threats. Existing studies have rarely focused on separate smelting of the scrap and oxidation behaviors of the alloying elements. Therefore, this study proposes an induction melting and electroslag remelting scheme to process the scrap. Based on this scheme, the effects of the temperature, oxygen content, and element contents on the recovery percentages of the alloying elements were investigated using pilot experiment and thermodynamic analysis. The experimental results showed that the alloying elements (tungsten, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium) exhibited recovery percentages of 97.36%, 94.62%, 97.63%, 95.09%, and 89.49%, respectively; furthermore, the impurity content did not increase during smelting. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that an increase in carbon content improved the oxidation resistance of the alloying elements except for nickel, whereas the increases in the contents of oxygen and alloying elements increase their oxidation. Steam partial pressure and air suction dramatically increase the concentrations of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. This scheme is an alternative for smelting medium and high alloy steel scrap, and the thermodynamic analysis provides a theoretical understanding of the oxidation behaviors of the alloying elements in the steel scrap and the control of impurity.
“…Moreover, using a medium-frequency induction furnace for melting steel scrap is advantageous as it offers direct input of heat into the metal that ensures rapid heating, controlled bath movement that guarantees uniform temperature, high thermal efficiency, and easy implementation [17]. A previous study indicates that, in the alloying process, adding a molten alloy (melted in the induction furnace) provided a much higher yield than that obtained when adding a solid alloy [18]. This study aimed to produce an alloy steel using ferroalloys.…”
The annual cumulative quantity of high and medium alloy steel scrap has exceeded 10 million tons. Using the traditional smelting process involving electric arc refining in a smelting furnace for these scraps causes high percentages of alloy losses, which decreases the value of the alloy steel scrap and poses environmental threats. Existing studies have rarely focused on separate smelting of the scrap and oxidation behaviors of the alloying elements. Therefore, this study proposes an induction melting and electroslag remelting scheme to process the scrap. Based on this scheme, the effects of the temperature, oxygen content, and element contents on the recovery percentages of the alloying elements were investigated using pilot experiment and thermodynamic analysis. The experimental results showed that the alloying elements (tungsten, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium) exhibited recovery percentages of 97.36%, 94.62%, 97.63%, 95.09%, and 89.49%, respectively; furthermore, the impurity content did not increase during smelting. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that an increase in carbon content improved the oxidation resistance of the alloying elements except for nickel, whereas the increases in the contents of oxygen and alloying elements increase their oxidation. Steam partial pressure and air suction dramatically increase the concentrations of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. This scheme is an alternative for smelting medium and high alloy steel scrap, and the thermodynamic analysis provides a theoretical understanding of the oxidation behaviors of the alloying elements in the steel scrap and the control of impurity.
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