Analysis of flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba L. and its phytopharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection

Abstract

A high-performance capillary electrophoretic (CE) method with electrochemical detection (ED) has been developed for determination of the pharmacologically active flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba L. and phytopharmaceuticals containing its extract. Epicatechin, catechin, rutin, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin are important flavonoids in this plant. Operated in a wall-jet configuration, a 300 micro m diameter carbon-disk electrode was used as working electrode with good response to the six analytes at +1000 mV (relative to the SCE). Under the optimum conditions, the analytes were separated within 22 min in a borax buffer (pH 9.0). Excellent linearity was obtained over two orders of magnitude and detection limits (S/N=3) ranged from 1.4 x 10(-7) to 5.0 x 10(-7) g mL(-1) for all six analytes. The method was successfully used for assay of Ginkgo biloba L. and its phytopharmaceuticals after a relatively simple extraction procedure; the results obtained were satisfactory.

Change of secondary metabolites in leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. in response to UV-B induction

“…The above findings showed that UV-B irradiation could be applied to stimulate the production of secondary metabolite compounds in nature product. Most recently, Ginkgo flavonoids attracted much attention for their antimicrobial, neuroprotector, anti-mutational, improved cardiovascular well-being, and anticancer activity (Cao, Chu, Fang, & Ye, 2002;Ding et al, 2009). Hence, it is of key interest to enhance the productivities of total flavonoids in Ginkgo leaves applying biotechnology method such as abiotic elicitors of cell engineering (Xu, Dong, Wang, & Huang, 2009).…”

Fungal endophytes-induced abscisic acid is required for flavonoid accumulation in suspension cells of Ginkgo biloba

“…Ginkgo biloba is a common medicinal plant in China and the secondary metabolites of ginkgo, flavonoids and ginkgolides, are excellent drugs used in the treatment of peripheral arterial diseases, tinnitus, neurological disorders, sclerosis of cerebral arteries, and cerebral ageing (Cao et al 2002). As a therapeutic drug, it has no side effects even after long periods of use, and phytopharmaceuticals made from G. biloba are readily accessible throughout the world.…”

Bioactive Food Components for Melanoma: An Overview

“…Genistein (4', 5, 7-trihydroxyisoflavone) is a widely distributed isoflavone primarily present in soy, Ginkgo biloba extract, oregano and sage [55,56]. It was first isolated from soybean in 1931 [57].…”