Analysis of female novice extroversion driver’s eye movement characteristics under anxiety

Abstract

Anxiety is a common emotion of driver, which always affects the safety of driving. Eye movement characteristics can be used to understand the true emotion state of human beings. It is of great significance to study the law of eye movement for realizing active vehicle safety warning and human-machine cooperation. In this article, anxiety-induction experiment, real-vehicle driving experiments, and virtual driving experiments were designed and used to obtain the eye movement data of female novice extroversion driver under calm and anxiety, and mathematical statistics analysis was made on the fixation count, fixation duration, and visit duration in the area of interest within the driver horizon. The results showed that there are significant differences in fixation count and fixation duration of drivers (p\0:05, p is the accompanying probability), and the main effect of emotion is significant (p\0:05).Compared with the situation of calm, fixation area, fixation count, and fixation duration of drivers under anxiety were more focused on the middle area, the fixation count and visit duration on the left area were relatively more, the fixation duration on the right area was relatively longer, and anxiety was more likely to cause driver's attention bias.

Comparing oculomotor efficiency and visual attention between drivers and non-drivers through the Adult Developmental Eye Movement (ADEM) test: A visual-verbal test

“…This test could be of interest for detecting certain visual processes and/or cognitive automaticity deficiencies in drivers during their eyesight examination, necessary to obtain or renew the driving license [3,27,28]. The importance of this evaluation could also lie in the relevance of understanding the drivers' visual strategies and processes, used for determining their visual information management and predicting their driving performance [5,7,17]. The most notable findings were that drivers' testing times were lower than non-drivers' (see Table 6), which confirms the first hypothesis.…”

“…When driving, most of the information is received through the visual system [3][4][5]. By means of optimal eye movements and attention, visual information can be recognized, analyzed, and processed, thus allowing the driver to understand, organize and act within a dynamic environment [3,[6][7][8]. In fact, visual attention errors have been related to a large proportion of traffic accidents [9][10][11].…”

“…Also, a significant amount of research has been published on the significance of ocular movements in real driving experiments and driving simulations [1,9,12,13]. The most important eye movements for driving are fixations, pursuits, and saccades [3][4][5]7,9]. Fixation mechanisms allow the person to focus on an object with the central vision and perceive details at the same time.…”

“…In this regard, and although visual acuity plays an important role in safe driving, there are other relevant matters related to the driving task, such as eye movements, visual attentional issues, and fatigue, which may also explain a substantial part of the human-factor related traffic causalities occurring every day [10,15,16,27,28]. Thus, other types of visual testing, which can provide better information concerning the visual functional capabilities of drivers, should be added up to current examination standards [3,7]. In the light of these statements, the question arises whether the specific performance in the ADEM may be related to certain driving parameters, and thus be of interest in the visual assessment of drivers.…”

Could driving help us to “see better”? A comparative assessment of saccadic efficiency, visual speed, and attention

“…On the other hand, the ADEMd requires eye movements typically present in reading with minimum head movement and includes distractors within the targets. During driving, visual information can be recognized, analyzed, and processed through optimal eye movements (saccades, fixations, and pursuits) and attention, allowing the driver to understand, organize, and act within a dynamic changing environment [ 10 , 13 , 26 , 27 ].…”