Analysis of Energy Saving Potential in High-Performance Building Technologies under Korean Climatic Conditions

Kim, Chul Ho; Lee, Seung Eon; Kim, Kang Soo

doi:10.3390/en11040884

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Since there is no study that compares all four systems in various climates, we need to review the simulation data by applying it in different climates. However, data analyzed in this study showed similar results as those of Cho et al [69] and Kim et al [14] who studied various energy-saving systems in the Korean climate.…”

Section: Limitation Of Research and Future Worksupporting

confidence: 87%

“…An HVAC system is a component that unavoidably consumes energy with the purpose of providing a comfortable human living space. Energy-conserving HVAC systems continue to be studied and installed and can replace conventional HVAC systems to significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [14,15]. To effectively reduce the energy used in an air-conditioning system, we should understand the characteristics of each system, and analyze each element that consumes energy.…”

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

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Detailed Comparison of the Operational Characteristics of Energy-Conserving HVAC Systems during the Cooling Season

2019

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To provide useful information concerning energy-conserving heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, this study used EnergyPlus to analyze in detail their operational characteristics and energy performance. This study also aimed to understand the features of the systems under consideration by investigating the dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, and airflow rate at major nodes in each system’s schematic. Furthermore, we analyzed the indoor environment created by each HVAC system, as well as examining the cooling energy consumptions and CO2 emissions. The HVAC systems selected for this study are the variable air volume (VAV) commonly used in office buildings (base-case model), constant air volume (CAV), under-floor air distribution (UFAD), and active chilled beam (ACB) with dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). For the same indoor set-point temperature, the CAV’s supply airflow was the highest, and VAV and UFAD were operated by varying the airflow rate according to the change of the space thermal load. ACB with DOAS was analyzed as being able to perform air conditioning only with the supply airflow constantly fixed at a minimum outdoor air volume. The primary cooling energy was increased by about 23.3% by applying CAV, compared to VAV. When using the UFAD and ACB with DOAS, cooling energy was reduced by 11.3% and 23.1% compared with VAV, respectively.

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Section: Limitation Of Research and Future Worksupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Comparison of the Operational Characteristics of Energy-Conserving HVAC Systems during the Cooling Season

2019

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“…Accurate estimation of indoor daylight illuminance is important in saving lighting energy, as indoor daylight illuminance data can be used to predict a building's lighting energy and improve energy efficiency. Especially in a general office building, lighting energy consumption is responsible for 20%-30% of the total building energy consumption [3][4][5][6], and the effective control of daylight can reduce lighting energy consumption by 30%-60% annually [7][8][9].…”

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Sky Luminance and Daylight Illuminance Prediction Methods for Lighting Energy Saving in Office Buildings

Kim

2019

Energies

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Accurately predicting indoor illuminance from daylight during the early stages of building design is an important factor in saving energy and the costs associated with lighting. The objective of this study was to predict sky luminance distribution using the Commission Internationale de l’éclairage (CIE) standard sky model, and propose a method that can be used to predict indoor illuminance. Results obtained from the proposed prediction method were compared and verified with simulation values obtained by Desktop Radiance. From the CIE overcast sky, the zenith/horizon ratio was 3:1. From the CIE clear sky, the luminance value was highest around the sun. In contrast, the luminance value was lowest in the opposite direction of the sun when the angle between the sun and sky elements was 90°. In addition, this study suggested an indoor illuminance prediction method by applying the effects of sky luminance, direct sunlight, and wall reflection elements. When the proposed equation’s calculation results were compared with Desktop Radiance simulation’s value in overcast and clear sky, all statistically analysis (R2, MBE, Cv(RMSE), t-value, p-value) satisfied each standard and showed high correlations. Consequently, it was established that the predicted indoor illuminance obtained from the proposed prediction method was accurate and can be used to predict the level of indoor illuminance. The results further revealed that it is possible to calculate indoor illuminance when installing blinds, by substituting variable values of visible light transmittance (VLT).

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“…South Korea is mainly divided into three climate zones: central, southern, and Jeju. According to Köppen classification, the central climate zone is classified as Dwa characterized by cold-dry winter and hot summer while the southern and Jeju climate zones are classified as Cfa (temperate region, humid year-round, and hot summer) [16]. Given that the central and southern zones make the biggest part of the country, the two cities used in this study, Seoul and Ulsan, were selected from the central and southern climate zones, respectively, as is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of the Ceiling Depth’s Impact on Skylight Energy Performance Predictions Through a Building Simulation

2020

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This study evaluated the impact of including a building ceiling depth into a simulation model on skylight efficiency under two climatic conditions (Ulsan and Seoul, South Korea). Using Radiance and EnergyPlus simulation tools integrated in OpenStudio program by National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA, daylighting and building energy consumption were computed and assessed to evaluate the energy performance and optimization of skylights. Skylight-to-roof ratios from 1% to 25% were analyzed with ceiling depths of 1.5 m to 3 m. The results showed that the range for efficient skylight ratios became smaller with an increase of ceiling depth; in addition, small apertures were more affected by the ceiling depth than were large apertures. Under Ulsan’s climatic conditions, the optimal skylight-to-roof ratios were 8%, 9%, 10%, and 11% for ceiling depths of 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, and 3 m, respectively. In Seoul, 8% and 9% were the optimum skylight-to-roof ratios for ceiling depths of 1.5 m and 2 m, respectively; no skylight was energy efficient for a ceiling deeper than 2 m. This study indicates that ceiling depth is a critical factor in the evaluation of skylight performance; thus, it should not be excluded from a simulation model, as is often done to simplify simulation modeling.

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Analysis of Energy Saving Potential in High-Performance Building Technologies under Korean Climatic Conditions

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Detailed Comparison of the Operational Characteristics of Energy-Conserving HVAC Systems during the Cooling Season

Detailed Comparison of the Operational Characteristics of Energy-Conserving HVAC Systems during the Cooling Season

Development of Sky Luminance and Daylight Illuminance Prediction Methods for Lighting Energy Saving in Office Buildings

An Evaluation of the Ceiling Depth’s Impact on Skylight Energy Performance Predictions Through a Building Simulation

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