Crossed beam studies of nonreactive scattering of K, Rb, and Cs atoms from CCI4, CH,I, and SnCI. have been carried out and the differential cross sections compared with calculations based on a phenomenological optical model analysis. The models employed make use of a parameterized "reference" potential which is intended both to represent a multipole expansion of the potential surface of the reactants for internuclear distances greater than the radius of chemical interaction, and to provide a systematic means of calculating the real parts of the optical phase shifts. A new semiclassical method for calculating nonreactive differential cross sections for an isotropic central potential (reference) and a parameterized probability of reaction (opacity) function, P( (3), is presented and applied to the scattering of M+CCI •. It is found that the observed cross sections are consistent with a Lennard-Jones reference potential and a P(f3) which is a rounded-off step function. A better description of the reactivity for these systems was obtained by expressing the opacity function in terms of y, the reduced distance of closest approach, instead of the impact parameter f3. The velocity dependence of the opacity function was virtually removed upon making this transformation, and the reactivity for a given alkali atom was found to resemble a diffuse "black sphere" of radius Ye, the opacity becoming less diffuse in the order Cs