Analysis of effectiveness of free segment actions and antero-posterior and lateral body displacements during the take-off phase of high jump (flop style)

Does swing leg braking matter in long jump take-off? A 3-D kinematic analysis based on elite athletes

“…In the present study, the SW-Horizontal plane angle was greater in the Group SPAnkle (1.84 ± 3.80°) than in the Group SPKnee (−1.42 ± 2.98°), and a positive correlation (r = 0.44, P = 0.012) was observed between the SW-Horizontal plane angle and Results. This finding was consistent with the study of Covadonga et al, where a significant association between the SW-Horizontal plane angle and jump height was reported in elite high jump athletes [ 43 ]. Despite the fact that these two studies originated from different events, the fundamental principles and mechanisms by which an elevated swing leg at the take-off instant contributed to improved performance are essentially similar.…”

Kinematic analysis of the final stride approach in Spanish elite high jumpers

“…At the end of the run-up, both paths tend to converge again, in such a way that the CM is positioned almost on top of the take-off foot at the end of the take-off, although its trajectory is tangential to the plane of the bar. One consequence of this behaviour is that the final CM trajectory angle (P 0 ) is always greater than the angle corresponding to the merging of the trajectory of the last two steps (t 1 ), with a value of 10°-15° (Dapena et al, 1997;Mateos-Padorno et al, 2019). Furthermore, the values proposed by Dapena (1988) with regard to the direction of the last three steps before the take-off stand at 46°-73° for the ante-penultimate stride (P 2 ), 46°-61° for the penultimate stride (P 1 ) and 27-38° for the last stride (P 0 ).…”

“…This lean is reduced progressively, to almost 0, at the end of the take-off (Jacoby, 1987;Tidow, 1993). Its degree is different in each high jumper and in each jump, conditioned by the speed of the approach and the radius of the curve (Dapena, 1990;Mateos-Padorno et al, 2019). The amplitude of the radius of the curve (R) will determine the speed at which the jumper will finish the run-up and condition the force of take-off.…”

“…Those that most affect sports performance are related to body size and composition, as well as the physiological differences that characterise each sex (Sandbakk et al, 2018). They will all be revealed by the technical and biomechanical characteristics athletes show during a high jump, which have been the subject of frequent study by different authors in top-level official competitions (Conrad & Ritzdorf, 1986Dapena, 1988aDapena, , 1988bRitzdorf et al, 1989;Bothmischel, 1990;Dapena et al, 1990;Brüggemann & Loch, 1992;Dapena et al, 1992aDapena et al, , 1992bDapena et al, , 1993Dapena, 1997a;Arampatzis & Brüggemaann et al, 1999;Antekolovic et al, 2006;Dapena & Ficklin, 2007;Coh & Supej, 2008;Ae et al, 2008;Bermejo et al, 2012;Panoutsakopoulos & Kollias, 2012;Bermejo Frutos et al, 2013;Nicholson et al, 2017aNicholson et al, , 2017bMateos-Padorno et al, 2019).…”

Variable Heights Influence Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Reactive Strength Index during Drop Jump: An Experimental Study of Male High Jumpers

“…Some research studies believed that PB was affected by vertical height of high jump. Mateos-Padorno et al reported that vertical displacement in the sagittal plane has a high correlation with PB [ 12 ]. Viitasalo and Aura found that the vertical height of the jumpers was increased at the game season [ 13 ].…”