Analysis of Edit Operations for Post-editing Systems

Abstract

Post-editing has become an important part not only of translation research but also in the global translation industry. While computer-aided translation tools, such as translation memories, are considered to be part of a translator's work, lately, machine translation (MT) systems have also been accepted by human translators. However, many human translators are still adopting the changes brought by translation technologies to the translation industry. This paper introduces a novel approach for seeking suitable pairs of n-grams when recommending n-grams (corresponding n-grams between MT and post-edited MT) based on the type of text (manual or administrative) and MT system used for machine translation. A tool that recommends and speeds up the correction of MT was developed to help the post-editors with their work. It is based on the analysis of words with the same lemmas and analysis of n-gram recommendations. These recommendations are extracted from sequence patterns of the mismatched words (MisMatch) between MT output and post-edited MT output. The paper aims to show the usage of morphological analysis for recommending the post-edit operations. It describes the usage of mismatched words in the n-gram recommendations for the post-edited MT output. The contribution consists of the methodology for seeking suitable pairs of words, n-grams and additionally the importance of taking into account metadata (the type of the text and/or style and MT system) when recommending post-edited operations.

The use of residual analysis to improve the error rate accuracy of machine translation

“…Later, in 2021, the same articles were machine-translated by the NMT engines Google Translate (GT_NMT) and the European Commission’s DGT tool (eTranslation).The translation directions were from English and German into Slovak, where Slovak is a synthetic language containing inflected morphology and with loose word order 43 . Human translation and post-editing of machine translation were conducted in interactive online system OSTEPERE 25 , 44 – 47 .…”