Analysis of ecotoxic influence of waste from the biomass gasification process

Hawrot-Paw, Małgorzata; Koniuszy, Adam; Mikiciuk, M.; Izwikow, Monika; Stawicki, Tomasz; Sędłak, P.

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9011-8

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Ash is one of the byproducts generated during biomass burning. Combustion waste arising from the combustion of biomass in households is collected in a nonselective manner and exported to a landfill, thus constituting an additional and unnecessary burden for the environment [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of Biomass Ashes

et al. 2018

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The aim of the conducted research was to obtain information on the main components of ashes from 35 biomass species used in combustion processes to obtain reference data for the development of utility possibilities for these ashes, with particular emphasis on agricultural use. The examined biomass samples were divided into groups depending on origin: woody biomass and energetic woody plants I-WWB, herbaceous and grassy energy plants II-EC, agricultural waste III-AR, forest waste IV-FR and waste from the agri-food industry V-AFIW. The analysis of the studied elements contents was carried out in the designated groups. The chemical composition of ash was dominated by the macroelements Ca, K, P and S, which suggests the possibility of their agricultural use. At the same time, the low content of toxic elements such as As and Pb should not be a limiting feature in their use, with the exception of wood biomass. In addition, ashes obtained from the biomass combustion were enriched with microelements such as Zn, Cu and Mn, which further increases their possibilities of fertilizer use. The potential use of ash from each type of biomass in the aspect of its chemical composition should be considered individually, regardless of the division into groups depending on the origin of biomass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of Biomass Ashes

et al. 2018

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“…Tar is a set of substances produced as a byproduct during the gasification of carbon-rich feedstock, such as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), and its removal from syngas has been identified as one of the major challenges in gasification [1]. Although tar is a major factor in environmental pollution from gasification due to its toxic nature [2,3], the main operational problem associated with tar is its capacity of condensing at high temperatures, which eventually causes clogging of piping and equipment, increasing maintenance times to inadmissible levels [4]. These maintenance times are critical for appliances such as gas turbines and engines, where the small injectors are prone to be blocked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal tar cracking enhanced by cold plasma – A study of naphthalene as tar surrogate

Gomez-Rueda

Zaini

Yang

et al. 2020

Energy Conversion and Management

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Gasification has been proposed as a good solution for recovering energy from waste and biomass in the form of syngas. However, the presence of tar limits syngas applications. Tar model molecules have been removed by cold plasmas up to 400 • C, but to avoid syngas cooling tar removal above 600 • C is required. To investigate tar removal by cold plasma at higher temperatures, two sets of experiments were done, one to identify tar composition from MSW gasification, and a second one to crack in a nanosecond-pulsed corona plasma at high temperatures the most refractory tar compound found, naphthalene.In this paper, we report the first results of cold plasma for tar cracking at temperatures up to 1100 • C, revealing that this tandem can remove naphthalene completely at 800 • C, compared to the 1000 • C needed in case of thermal cracking alone. The synergy between plasma and thermal cracking is driven by higher energy densities when temperatures increase. However, this synergy stops when thermal cracking reactions predominate.

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“…Environmental analyses have assessed mainly greenhouse gas emissions [22], despite liquid waste also being formed in the process. Their ecotoxicity is not fully understood, yet the available research shows that they have a negative impact on biological life, restrict the counts and activity of microorganisms significant for normal functioning of soil and demonstrate phytotoxic effects [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts

et al. 2020

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Biomass from cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered a renewable energy source that can be converted into alternative fuel. Calorific syngas, a promising type of advanced fuel, can be produced through thermochemical biomass gasification. In this study, the suitability of cup plant biomass for gasification was assessed, including the process energy balance and environmental impacts of waste from syngas purification. Silphium perfoliatum L. was cultivated as a gasification feedstock in different conditions (irrigation, fertilization). The experiments were performed in a membrane gasifier. All obtained energy parameters were compared to the biomass yield per hectare. The toxic effects of liquid waste were assessed using tests analyzing germination/seed root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Leachates collected from condensation tanks of a gas generator were introduced to soil at the following doses: 100, 1000 and 10,000 mg kg−1 DM of soil. The usefulness of Silphium perfoliatum L. for gasification was confirmed. The factors of plant cultivation affected the biomass yield, the volume and calorific value of syngas and the amount of biochar. It was determined that the components found in condensates demonstrate a phytotoxic effect, restricting or inhibiting germination and root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Due to this potential hazard, the possibility of its release to the environment should be limited. Most of the biomass is only used for heating purposes, but the syngas obtained from the cup plant can be used to power cogeneration systems, which, apart from heat, also generate electricity.

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Analysis of ecotoxic influence of waste from the biomass gasification process

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Chemical Characteristics of Biomass Ashes

Chemical Characteristics of Biomass Ashes

Thermal tar cracking enhanced by cold plasma – A study of naphthalene as tar surrogate

Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts

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