Analysis of earthworm Eisenia fetida proteomes during cadmium exposure: An ecotoxicoproteomics approach

Abstract

Identification of differential proteomic responses to cadmium (Cd) would provide a means for better understanding the survival mechanisms of the earthworm, Eisenia fetida, living in a Cd-polluted environment, and the stress responses can be assessed by ecotoxiptoromics approaches. Extracts of whole earthworm collected at days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after Cd exposure were analyzed by 2-DE and quantitative image analysis. In total, 143 proteins demonstrated significant regulation in at least at one time point, and 56 proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS and database searching. Compared with control samples, 28 protein spots were up-regulated and 28 were down-regulated during at least one time point. The identified proteins, including chaperonine protein HSP60, caspase-8, calcium ion-binding protein, zinc ion-binding protein, actin-binding protein, proteolysis, fibrinolytic protease, glutamate dehydrogenase, gelsolin-like protein, lombricine kinase, coelomic cytolytic factor 1, manganous superoxide dismutase, extracellular globin-4, lysenin, intermediate filament protein, and tubulin, are involved in several processes, including transcription, translation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the cellular amino acid metabolic process, protein amino acid phosphorylation, glycolysis, and the glucose metabolic process. Thus, our study provides a functional profile of the Cd-responsive proteins in earthworms.

Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to different concentrations of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether

“…Some recent studies have shown that both NMR-based metabolomics and 2-DE-based proteomics on earthworm Eisenia fetida have great potential to elucidate the toxicological effects and mechanisms induced by environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals (e.g., cadmium) and organic chemicals (e.g., phenanthrene) [29,30]. To our knowledge, however, no combined proteomic and metabolomic investigation has been carried out in ecotoxicology using E. fetida as a bioindicator.…”

“…mean the disturbance in innate immunity, which was also found in Cd-exposed E. fetida [30]. Heat shock proteins are ubiquitous molecular chaperones that are involved in the inhibition of cell apoptosis caused by stressors.…”

“…Fibrinolytic proteases are the enzymes involved in proteolysis. They are important chemotherapeutic agents and can dissolve blood fibrin clots [30]. Down-regulation of fibrinolytic protease 1 could Consequently, metabolites that are more abundant in the control group are presented as peaks in the negative direction.…”

“…It might be involved in anti-oxidative defense. Fibrinolytic enzymes are fibrin-specific proteases that have high activity in the presence or absence of plasminogen [30]. Due to the potent activity and stability, they have therapeutic benefits for the treatment of thromboembolic symptoms [30].…”

The Proteome of Enchytraeus crypticus—Exposure to CuO Nanomaterial and CuCl2—in Pursue of a Mechanistic Interpretation

“…There are only few proteomic studies and none with NMs. These proteomic investigations include studies with the earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to brominated flame‐retardants, phenanthrene and Cd, and studies with the springtail Paronychiurus kimi exposed to Cd …”