Analysis of different domains of physical activity with health-related quality of life in adults: 2-year cohort

Abstract

Background It is estimated that, worldwide, 9% of deaths occur as a result of insufficient physical activity (PA) practice. Practicing PA can prevent and/or reduce the deleterious effects of different types of diseases and can improve general health aspects related to health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Purpose To analyze the relationship of different PA domains with different HRQoL domains over a two-year period. Methods This is an observational study with a two-year longitudinal design. The sample, composed of adults, was selected from a randomization of the streets of the different regions (north, south, east, west and center) covering individuals from all areas of the city. To assess the practice of PA, the Baecke questionnaire was used. The instrument Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey was used to assess the HRQoL domains. Linear regression models were used to analyzed the association of different PA domains with changes in HRQoL. Multivariate statistical models were adjusted for gender, age, socioeconomic status, marital status, the respective PA score at baseline, smoking, body mass index, and morbidity. Results 331 adults were evaluated. There was a decrease in the practice of PA in the occupational domain and an increase in the leisure/locomotion domain. Regarding HRQoL, there was an increase in the scores of body pain and mental health, and a decrease in scores of general health, vitality, social aspects and emotional aspects. The PA practice in the occupational domain was inversely related to functional capacity (β = − 7.2 [CI 95% − 13.0; − 1.4]). The practice of PA through sports in leisure time was positively associated with vitality (β = 5.5 [CI 95% 0.2; 10.7]) and mental health (β = 15.2 [CI 95% 6.8; 23.7]). PA practice during leisure and locomotion was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = − 5.68 [CI 95% − 10.7; − 0.6]) and positively associated with vitality β = 4.8 [CI 95% 0.8; 8.7]) and mental health (β = 8.4 [CI 95% 2.0; 14.9]). The total PA practice was inversely associated with functional capacity (β = − 3.8 [CI 95% − 6.5; − 1.2]) and positively associated with pain in the body (β = 4.9 [CI 95% 0.3; 9.4]), vitality (β = 2.9 [CI 95% 0.7; 5.0]) and mental health (β = 5.7 [CI 95% 2.2; 9.2]). Conclusions It is suggested that practicing PA continuously within a period of two years can positively affect some physical aspects and some mental aspects related to HRQoL, but not all of them. A strategy for public policy actions is to explore these variables by domain and thus detect the real needs and improvements that can be made for the population.

Association between Different Domains of Sedentary Behavior and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults: A Longitudinal Study

“…All the streets in Presidente Prudente—SP city were surveyed, and the streets were divided according to neighborhood, postal code, and geographic location between the north, south, east, west, and center for data collection [ 30 ]. The planning and schedule of data collection were carried out using randomized lists of public places.…”

“…At the end of the data collection, a total of 331 participants were evaluated at both periods (i.e., baseline and follow-up visits). For more details on the sample loss, please see [ 30 ].…”

Impact of Different Resistance Training Protocols on Balance, Quality of Life and Physical Activity Level of Older Women

“…Additionally, all RT can promote a higher bone density, better metabolic capacity of skeletal muscle and higher gait speed that contributed to higher values of balance [ 7 ]. According to different studies [ 11 , 16 , 25 , 26 ], one huge problem is the risk of falling. Older women who fall can develop a fear of falling that will limit their PA and mobility.…”

“…Another result we observed in all RT groups was that leisure and locomotion PA increased. According to Scarabottolo et al [ 26 ], this result is positively associated with mental health and total PA levels [ 28 , 29 ], and can also explain the interest of the participants. Deciding which activity they are likely to perform will increase central and autonomous motivation [ 30 ].…”

Influence of Alpine Skiing on Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Self-Concept in Physically Active Adults over 55 Years of Age

“…The findings published here regarding HRQoL are analogous to those published in previous studies. They conclude that sports practice does not necessarily have an impact on all dimensions of HRQoL, with significant differences in physical function, vitality, and general health, as long as it is performed at high volumes or at vigorous intensities [ 8 , 13 , 15 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Therefore, there could be a threshold below which PA would not provide any benefit to HRQoL, making a difference in terms of health between the effectiveness of practising one sport or another, which must be taken into account when prescribing PA for the older adult population [ 50 , 53 , 54 ].…”