Analysis of Differences in the Degree of Biomechanical Adaptation according to Habituation to Different Heel Heights

Cha, Yu-Jin

doi:10.1155/2020/1854313

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The muscle tone, stiffness, and decrement values of TA did not significantly differ at the three time points. The results of this study revealed that the MG muscle tone increased when RHIs were worn longer, which is consistent with results obtained by Cha, who reported that females who wore high-heeled shoes showed high muscle tone of the rectus femoris (RF) and gastrocnemius medius (GM) because wearing RHIs for a long time continuously increased muscle activation of the plantar flexors and caused muscle imbalance of the lower limbs, which is likely to result in musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Decrement is equal to the logarithmic decrement of the natural oscillation [32]. Decrement was better when it was closer to 0 (or lower) [33]. The medial gastrocnemius (MG) and tibialis anterior (TA) were selected and measured based on previous studies [33,34].…”

Section: Muscle Tone Stiffness and Decrementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decrement was better when it was closer to 0 (or lower) [33]. The medial gastrocnemius (MG) and tibialis anterior (TA) were selected and measured based on previous studies [33,34]. The intra-rater reliability of the MyotonPRO for muscle tone ranged from 0.75 to 0.82.…”

Section: Muscle Tone Stiffness and Decrementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of wearing raised-heel insoles for 60 days on physical functions: focusing on adult males in their twenties

2021

JOMH

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Background and Objectives: As men frequently use raised-heel insoles (RHIs) for a cosmetic purpose rather than a functional purpose in daily life, they are exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wearing RHIs for 60 days on overall body functions and mechanical adaption. Materials and Methods: This study measured pelvic range of motion (ROM), balance, two-point discrimination (2PD), ankle joint ROM, lower back pain (LBP), muscle tone, stiffness, and decrement in male subjects in their 20s. Subjects wore RHIs (5 cm) for 8 h per day for 8 weeks (60 days). Measurements were conducted at 0, 30, and 60 days after the experiment began. Repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to examine the effects of wearing duration (0, 30, and 60 days) on variables followed by a post-hoc test (Dunnett T3) when there was a signiﬁcant difference. Results: Pelvic ROM decreased (p < 0.01), whereas static balance and 2PD increased (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively) when the duration of wearing RHIs increased. The pelvic ROM on day 0 was signiﬁcantly different from that on day 60 (p = 0.01). Static balance showed signiﬁcant differences between day 0 and day 60 or day 30 (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). Dynamic balance, ankle joint ROM, and LBP did not differ signiﬁcantly. The muscle tone of the plantar ﬂexors (medial gastrocnemius) increased (p < 0.05), whereas decrement decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusions: It was found that wearing RHIs for a long time would adversely affect the human body. Wearing RHIs for a long time decreased pelvic ROM, whereas static balance and 2PD increased. It might have affected the overall body functions by increasing the muscle tone of the plantar ﬂexors and worsening dynamic stiffness at the same time. The clinical signiﬁcance lies in the fact that wearing RHIs for long durations would adversely affect the human body.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Muscle Tone Stiffness and Decrementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of wearing raised-heel insoles for 60 days on physical functions: focusing on adult males in their twenties

2021

JOMH

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“…Older women generally have more experience wearing HHS, which contributed to the variability in outcomes. Long-term wearing of HHS also brings about adaptive changes in the biomechanics and control strategies of the human body [45,89,90]. Knowledge of the adaptive alterations caused by long-term wearing of HHS may provide better theoretical support for footwear design, offer guidance for novices in choosing HHS and effectively prevent high heel-related injuries [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high-heeled shoes on lower extremity biomechanics and balance in females: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zeng

Liu

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

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Background High-heeled shoes (HHS) are widely worn by women in daily life. Limited quantitative studies have been conducted to investigate the biomechanical performance between wearing HHS and wearing flat shoes or barefoot. This study aimed to compare spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, kinetics and muscle function during walking and balance between wearing HHS and flat shoes or barefoot. Methods According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, PubMed Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete and Web of Science databases were searched from the earliest record to December 2021. A modified quality index was applied to evaluate the risk of bias, and effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated as the standardized mean differences (SMD). Potential publication bias was evaluated graphically using funnel plot and the robustness of the overall results was assessed using sensitivity analyses. Results Eighty-one studies (n = 1501 participants) were included in this study. The reduced area of support requires the body to establish a safer and more stable gait pattern by changing gait characteristics when walking in HHS compared with walking in flats shoes or barefoot. Walking in HHS has a slight effect on hip kinematics, with biomechanical changes and adaptations concentrated in the knee and foot–ankle complex. Females wearing HHS performed greater ground reaction forces earlier, accompanied by an anterior shift in plantar pressure compared with those wearing flat shoes/barefoot. Furthermore, large effect sizes indicate that wearing HHS resulted in poor static and dynamic balance. Conclusion Spatiotemporal, kinematic, kinetic and balance variables are affected by wearing HHS. The effect of specific heel heights on women’s biomechanics would benefit from further research.

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“…In order to prepare a plan for reducing the pressure concentrated on a specific part when wearing HH shoes, the researcher developed a shock-absorbing insole for use with HH shoes, which protects the body by reducing foot fatigue and dispersing the weight to the entire foot, based on the results of an analysis of the distribution of the plantar pressure and a biomechanical analysis. Regarding the shock-absorbing insoles for use with HH shoes, referring to the results of a previous experiment, in which a leading foot pressure analyzer was used, after the insoles were directly inserted into the shoes [ 15 ], the feet were protected from impact force and the feeling of the wearer was heightened. In particular, the hindfoot felt more cushioned by the insole.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Shock-Absorbing Insole for High-Heeled Shoes on Gait: Randomized Controlled Trials

Cha

2022

Healthcare

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This study was carried out to identify the influence of a shock-absorbing insole, developed by the author for use with high-heeled shoes, on walking. The research design included single-blind randomized parallel groups; namely, a group of 26 participants who wore the shock-absorbing insoles and another group of 26 participants who did not wear the insoles, both carried out walking while wearing 7 cm high-heels. During walking, plantar pressure analysis (via in-shoe plantar pressure measurements), surface electrode electromyography (surface EMG), gait analysis, subjective comfort evaluation, and functional movement (functional mobility) analysis were carried out. In order to compare the two groups, statistical verification (paired t-test) was performed. Wearing the shock-absorbing insole with the high-heeled shoes improved posture stability during walking, as well as increasing the walking speed. In addition, the heel pressure, the pressure of the front foot at the inner side, and the shock ability were decreased. For these reasons, the wearers reported higher comfort. Changes in the muscle activities of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and the gastrocnemius muscle (GA) heightened the stability of the ankle joints. Overall, the proposed shock-absorbing insole for use with high-heeled shoes improved the postural stability when walking, as well as improving the distribution of pressure on the soles. A decrease in the diverse side-effects of wearing high-heeled shoes can thus be expected.

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Analysis of Differences in the Degree of Biomechanical Adaptation according to Habituation to Different Heel Heights

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of wearing raised-heel insoles for 60 days on physical functions: focusing on adult males in their twenties

Effects of wearing raised-heel insoles for 60 days on physical functions: focusing on adult males in their twenties

Effects of high-heeled shoes on lower extremity biomechanics and balance in females: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effectiveness of Shock-Absorbing Insole for High-Heeled Shoes on Gait: Randomized Controlled Trials

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