Analysis of Dietary Supplements for Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Dolan, Scott P.; Nortrup, David A.; Bolger, P. Michael; Capar, Stephen G

doi:10.1021/jf026055x

Cited by 158 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The FDA investigated the prevalence and concentration of lead in a variety of dietary supplements with an emphasis on botanical-based products (Dolan et al 2003). The concentration of lead in the 95 major product components tested was <20-48,600 μg/kg and the median concentration was 403 μg/kg.…”

Section: Potential For Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Herring

Eagles‐Smith

Buck

2017

Journal of Raptor Research

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Section: Potential For Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Herring

Eagles‐Smith

Buck

2017

Journal of Raptor Research

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“…Blood mercury concentration was measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (IC-PMS). 19 Individuals were immediately informed of their results and advised accordingly. They were considered to have an elevated blood lead level (BLL) if their blood lead concentration was i10 mg/dl.…”

Section: Blood Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster of lead poisoning among consumers of Ayurvedic medicine

Breeher

Mikulski

Czeczok

et al. 2015

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Background: Use of alternative medications and herbal remedies is widespread in the United States and across the globe. These traditional medications can be contaminated with toxic metals. Despite several case reports of poisoning from such contamination, the epidemiological data are still limited. Objectives: To report on a cluster of lead and mercury toxicity cases in 2011 among a community of adherents of traditional medical practice of Ayurveda. Methods: Adherents of Ayurveda were offered heavy metals screening following the identification of the index case. Results: Forty-six of 115 participants (40%) had elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) of 10 mg/dl or above, with 9.6% of BLLs at or above 50 mg/dl. Conclusions: This is the largest cluster of lead and mercury toxicity following use of Ayurvedic supplements described in the literature in the US. Contamination of herbal products is a public health issue of global significance. There are few regulations addressing contamination of ''natural'' products or supplements.

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“…We examined any herbal supplements found to contain excess lead on prior studies or product testing available to the public, or that had been implicated in heavy metal poisonings. 21,[23][24][25][26][30][31][32][33][34] Specifically, the following were included: Ayurvedic and/or traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbs used as individual herbs (astralagus, dong quai, glycyrrhiza, green tea extract, guggul, medicago saliva, trigonella foenum-graecum, and turmeric) or as combination herb formulations (e.g., Sheng mai, a combination of 18 herbs and Ayurvedic Blood Sugar Formula, a combination of 12 herbs); ginkgo; ginseng (including Asian ginseng, American ginseng, and eleuthero, formerly called Siberian ginseng and frequently combined with other ginsengs); echinacea (with or without goldenseal); St. John's wort; and "other" herbal supplements, specifically, kava, valerian, black cohosh, bee pollen, and nettle. We dichotomized use or nonuse of any of these herbal supplements during the last month and examined exposure by specific supplement type.…”

Section: Supplement Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Supplement Use and Blood Lead Levels of United States Adults

et al. 2009

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BACKGROUND: Some herbal supplements may contain lead. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether use of specific herbal dietary supplements during the last 30 days is associated with blood lead levels in US men and women. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis.STUDY POPULATION: NHANES participants from 1999-2004, a representative sample of the civilian non-institutionalized US population.MEASUREMENTS: Lead was measured in blood. Associations between lead and self-reported supplement use were estimated using multivariable regression weighted to account for NHANES sampling. Herbal supplements investigated were those previously reported to contain high heavy metal content: Ayurvedic or traditional Chinese medicine herbs, echinacea, ginkgo, ginseng, St. John's wort, and "other" herbs (specifically, kava, valerian, black cohosh, bee pollen, and nettle).MAIN RESULTS: Among 6,712 women ≥20 years, those using herbal supplements had lead levels that were 10% higher than non-users (95% CI 3%-17%, p= 0.005). Women using Ayurvedic or traditional Chinese medicine herbs, St. John's wort, and "other" herbs had lead levels 24% (95% CI 5%-45%, p=0.01), 23% (95% CI 4%-46%), p=0.02), and 21% (95% CI 2%-44%, p= 0.03) higher, respectively, than non-users. No significant associations were observed between herb use and lead levels among men (n=6,095). Among reproductiveaged women (16-45 years), herbal supplement users had lead levels 20% higher than non-users (95% CI 5%-34%, p=0.008). In contrast, garlic and other dietary supplements were not associated with higher lead levels.CONCLUSION: Use of specific herbal supplements is associated with higher blood lead levels among women. Our data suggest testing guidelines for herbal supplements and regulations limiting lead in supplements are needed.

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Analysis of Dietary Supplements for Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, and Lead Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 158 publications

References 20 publications

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

A cluster of lead poisoning among consumers of Ayurvedic medicine

Herbal Supplement Use and Blood Lead Levels of United States Adults

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