Analysis of degraded papers by infrared and Raman spectroscopy for forensic purposes

Determination of the Conservation State of Some Documents Written on Cellulosic Support in the Poni-Cernătescu Museum, Iași City in Romania

“…The presence of the 2895 cm −1 band in all the samples and the absence of the 2944 cm −1 and 2969 cm −1 bands (present in hydrated paper) indicate that the paper medium is dehydrated [38]. As far as the S1 document is concerned, the 1615 cm −1 peak (very strong signal) and the 1294 cm −1 peak prove the presence of lignin [5,35,38,39]. With the introduction of wood in the manufacture of paper (early nineteenth century), a greater amount of lignin was used.…”

“…The 381 cm −1 peak is specific to amorphous cellulose and may be used to determine cellulose crystallinity using the following formula [39]:…”

Interpol review of questioned documents 2016–2019

“…Since the last review, 8 articles have been published on this topic [ [96] , [97] , [98] , [99] , [100] , [101] , [102] , [103] ].…”

“…Zieba-Palus J. and al [ 99 ] analysed papers by Raman and FTIR. The samples have been artificially aged before new analyses.…”

Forensic examinations of micro-traces

“…An on-line optical microscope with a spectrometer operating in different electromagnetic radiation ranges allows both the morphology (structure) of the trace to be determined and the spectrometric measurement for the selected fragment. It enables one to determine the structure, color and chemical composition of the trace material [3][4][5][6][7]. The so-called "coupled methods" that are a combination of two different analytical methods, e.g.…”