Analysis of COVID-19 pandemic in USA, using Topological Weighted Centroid

Abstract

The first case of COVID-19 in USA was reported on January 20, 2020. The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and death has increased since the first reported case and the outbreak has appeared in all states. This paper analyzes disease outbreak using Topological Weighted Centroid (TWC), which is a data driven intelligent geographical dynamical system that models disease spread in space and time. In this analysis the COVID-19 cases in USA on March 26, 2020 as provided by Johns Hopkins University is used. The COVID-19 outbreak is mapped by the TWC method. We were able to predict and capture some features of the pandemic spread using the early data. Although we have used the geographical distance from the latitude and longitude coordinates, our results indicate that one of the main paths of diseases spread are arguably airline routes. In this analysis, we used a large set of data. A modified version of TWC, is named TWC-Windowing to elaborate the effect of data from all places.

Analysis of the COVID-19, Outbreak in Brazil Using Topological Weighted Centroid: An Intelligent Geographic Information System Approach

“…The first reported death was in São Paulo city on March 16, 2020 and after March 20, 2020 the community spread of COVID-19 was happening in all the country, according Ministry of Health [6]. In Feira de Santana, a city in the state of Bahia on March 6, 2020 [7], in Manaus, a city in the state of Amazonas on March 13, 2020 [8], in Brasília, a city Capital of Brazil on March 6, 2020 [9], in Porto Alegre, a city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul on March 10, 2020 [10] were the first reported infections in Northeast, North, Center-West and South regions, respectively. Nicolelis et al highlighted that while international airports served as primary entry points for SARS-CoV-2, the drivers behind the uneven geographic spread of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Brazil are largely undisclosed.…”