Analysis of covariance: an alternative to nutritional indices

Raubenheimer, David; Simpson, Sean L.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1992.tb00662.x

Cited by 317 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, when the significant effect of amount of ingested food on the egested food was removed, by ANCOVA, diet effect became significant. This demonstrates that such analysis reduced the variances, increasing the power of test (Raubenheimer & Simpson, 1992), allowing the detection of smaller differences between treatments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) (Raubenheimer & Simpson, 1992), followed by bicoordinate plots (Raubenheimer & Simpson, 1994) was used to remove the effect of covariate feeding time from weight of pupae (growth or performance) and amount of ingested food (consumption). The same statistical procedure was used to separate pre and post-ingestive effects of treatment (Horton & Redak, 1993;Raubenheimer & Simpson, 1994) on A. gemmatalis growth, when the differences in pupal weight and amount of egested food were adjusted for covariate consumption.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detrimental effect of rutin on Anticarsia gemmatalis

Hoffmann-Campo

Neto²,

Oliveira

et al. 2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Behavioral and nutritional effect of rutin (quercetin 3-O-rutinosídeo) on Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lep.: Noctuidae), a major soybean defoliator in Brazil, was evaluated from the third instar to pupation. Rutin is one of the flavonol glycosides identified in the leaves of the wild soybean PI 227687. Larval weight and amount of ingested food decreased as rutin concentration in the diet increase. An interactive effect between feeding time and diet (treatment) was observed on insect growth; when larvae fed on pure-diet, feeding time elongation resulted in heavier pupae. Differently, the weight of larvae fed on rutin-diet remained almost stable, in spite of eating for longer. A. gemmatalis growth was negatively influenced by rutin-diet not only by feeding deterrence but also by post-ingestive effect on insect growth, since after adjustment of pupal weight by the amount of ingested food (covariate), the effect of diet remained significant. Rutin negatively influenced A. gemmatalis growth as result of pre-ingestive effect, indicated by reduction in food consumption, and post-ingestive effect, indicated by lower conversion of ingested food into body mass and food assimilation.Index terms: Glycine max, feeding deterrence, insect nutrition, flavonol glycoside, Lepidoptera. Efeito prejudicial de rutina em Anticarsia gemmatalisResumo -O efeito de dieta contendo rutina (quercetina 3-O-rutinosídeo) no comportamento e na nutrição do principal desfolhador da soja, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lep.: Noctuidae) foi avaliado do terceiro ínstar até a formação da pupa. Rutina é um dos flavonóis glicosídicos identificados em folhas da soja selvagem PI 227687. O peso das lagartas e o consumo decresceram com o aumento na concentração de rutina na dieta. Houve interação entre o tempo de alimentação e a dieta no crescimento do inseto; lagartas alimentadas com dieta pura, cujo tempo de alimentação prolongou-se, originaram pupas mais pesadas. O peso das pupas alimentadas com dieta contendo rutina permaneceu estável, apesar do maior tempo de alimentação. Rutina afetou negativamente o crescimento do inseto, não somente pela inibição alimentar, mas também em conseqüência de eventos pós-ingestivos, já que depois do ajuste do peso de pupa pelo consumo (covariável), o efeito do tratamento permaneceu significativo. Assim, o efeito negativo de rutina em A. gemmatalis resulta de efeitos pré-ingestivos, indicados pela redução no consumo, e pós-ingestivos, indicados por baixas conversões do alimento ingerido em biomassa e assimilação de alimentos.Termos para indexação: Glycine max, inibição alimentar, nutrição de insetos, flavonol glicosídico, Lepidoptera.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental effect of rutin on Anticarsia gemmatalis

Hoffmann-Campo

Neto²,

Oliveira

et al. 2006

Pesq. agropec. bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), proposed by Raubenheimer & Simpson (1992), followed by bicoordenate plots (Raubenheimer & Simpson 1994), was used to estimate the growth and weight gain of N. viridula individuals. The adult fresh weights were adjusted for the covariates development time and initial weight to obtain insect growth and weight gain, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nymphal development, lipid content, growth and weight gain of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on soybean genotypes

Piubelli¹,

Hoffmann-Campo²,

Arruda³

et al. 2003

Neotrop. Entomol.

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“…The assumption that mixed diets will always be better than single diets is only adequate when no single diet comes close to the insect's nutrient requirements, thè`i ntake target'' Simpson and Raubenheimer 1993b), and when alternative foods are available which happen to complement each other in limiting nutrients or toxin content. Likewise, the assumption that under a speci®c nutrient limitation, food consumption will increase (NH), is ill founded (Raubenheimer 1992). While it is true that the response to limiting nutrients may be to increase consumption until limiting requirements are met, irrespective of whatever other nutrients are ingested in excess (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary mixing in three generalist herbivores: nutrient complementation or toxin dilution?

1999

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We reared larvae of three generalist insect species on plants occurring in their habitats. Individuals of each species were kept either on mixed diets, or on each plant species separately. We measured food plant preference in the mixed-diet group and compared insect performance on single plants to the performance on the mixed diet. For all three insect species, food choice within the mixed-diet groups was non-random and delivered the best overall performance, thus ful®lling the criteria for self-selected diets. When a single diet was as good as the mixed diet for one particular aspect of performance (Adenostyles alliariae and Petasites albus for Miramella alpina; A. alliariae for Callimorpha dominula), it was never the most preferred food plant in the mixed-diet treatment. Whether the bene®t achieved by mixing diets is due to nutrient complementation or toxin dilution, we argue that there is no easy way to distinguish between the two hypotheses on the basis of consumption and performance measurements, as has previously been proposed. From the interpretation of utilisation plots, the ANCOVA equivalent of nutritional indices, we were able to gain insight into where in the sequence from ingestion to growth (preingestive, predigestive or postdigestive) single diets caused di erences from mixed diets. The elements of this control system which were in¯uenced by single diets varied considerably, both within and between insect species. No food plant was toxic or deterrent to all experimental insect species; a food plant that caused consumption e ects (preingestive) for one insect species could be dealt with metabolically (postdigestive) by another; di erent food plants could cause behavioural e ects (preingestive), metabolic e ects (postdigestive), or a combination of both e ects, all within the same insect species. However, one generality did emerge: once a food was ingested, further growth-relevant e ects occurred metabolically (postdigestive) rather than via di erential egestion (digestibility).

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Analysis of covariance: an alternative to nutritional indices

Cited by 317 publications

References 42 publications

Detrimental effect of rutin on Anticarsia gemmatalis

Detrimental effect of rutin on Anticarsia gemmatalis

Nymphal development, lipid content, growth and weight gain of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on soybean genotypes

Dietary mixing in three generalist herbivores: nutrient complementation or toxin dilution?

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