Analysis of Common Cold Virus (Human Rhinovirus Serotype 2) by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis:  The Problem of Peak Identification

Okun, Vadim M.; Ronacher, Bernhard; Blaas, Dieter; Kenndler, Ernst

doi:10.1021/ac981324x

Cited by 87 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…These highly ordered structures easily undergo conformational modifications during infection upon exposure to low pH or to elevated temperature. [31][32][33][34] Mann et al demonstrated a CZE method for the analysis of an intact recombinant adenovirus. 35 They used a capillary coated with polyvinyl alcohol, which eliminates the need for detergent additives in the running buffer.…”

Section: Observing Bacterial Migration Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Kłodzińska

Buszewski

2008

Anal. Chem.

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Achievements in bacteria analysis with electromigration techniques may improve medical diagnoses, detection of food contamination, and sterility testing. (To listen to a podcast about this feature, please go to the Analytical Chemistry website at pubs.acs.org/ac.)An important research problem in the modern clinical laboratory is the discovery of new biomarkers, the presence of which can indicate a particular disease state; for example, the presence of an antibody may indicate an infection. The complex nature of biological samples and the low concentrations of analytes demand a system with high sensitivity and efficiency. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is such a system, and it promises to rival HPLC when applied to the separation of charged and neutral species in biochemistry, pharmaceutical science, bioscience, ion analysis, food analysis, environmental science, medical diagnosis, and clinical settings. 1,2 One area in which CZE may have an inherent advantage over HPLC is the analysis of small particles of colloidal sizes, such as cells.The rapid and sensitive determination of pathogenic microorganisms is extremely important in biotechnology, quality control of probiotics, and bacterial analysis, but it is critical for early and effective disease management and antimicrobial therapy, especially for infant patients, whose immunological systems are not fully developed. Some microbes are active ingredients in health products, medicines, and supplements. On the other hand, some pathogenic microorganisms can be considered possible biological warfare agents and constitute a significant cause of death in many countries (Bacillus anthracis, Rickettsia rickettsii, and Salmonella typhi). 2 Biological weapons include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins found in nature that can be used to kill or injure people. Pathogenic bacteria are the most common causes of food-and water-borne illnesses.However, conventional microbiological techniques of bacterial identification, culture, and isolation by biochemical and serological assay are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, fast and selective analytical techniques that more rapidly and effectively determine microbial contamination or infection are required. In this article, we summarize the most important achievements in microbial separation by electromigration techniques and describe the different applications. ORIGIN OF MICROBIAL CHARGESmall viruses have diameters in the range of several tens of nanometers. Bacteria are generally larger, some by a factor of 100, and the increased size leads to increased complexity. Viruses exist mainly in helical and/or icosahedral forms, whereas bacteria can adopt an enormous variety of shapes and sizes, both among and within species. These physiological differences can make the characterization and identification of bacterial cells by electromigration techniques more difficult (Figure 1a). The microbial surface charge originates from the ionization of surface molecules and the adsorption of ions from solution. Bacterial cell wal...

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Section: Observing Bacterial Migration Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Kłodzińska

Buszewski

2008

Anal. Chem.

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“…Okun et al [31,[140][141][142][143][144][145] are pioneers in this area. Investigating by CE, the complexes between monoclonal antibodies and receptor fragments with human rinovirus serotype 2 (HRV2) were demonstrated.…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the study of biomolecular interactions by capillary electrophoresis

Ding

et al. 2004

Electrophoresis

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Recent advances in the study of biomolecular interactions by capillary electrophoresisCapillary electrophoresis (CE) has been abundantly used in the study of molecular interactions owing to such advantages as short analysis time, low sample size requirement, high separation efficiency, and flexible applications. The focus of this paper is to review recent studies and advances (mainly from 1998 to now) in biomolecular interactions using CE. Five CE modes: zone migration CE, affinity CE, frontal analysis (FA), Hummel-Dreyer (HD) and vacancy peak (VP) are cited and compared. Quantitative aspects of the thermodynamics and kinetics of biomolecular interaction are reviewed. Several biomolecular binding systems, including protein-protein (polypeptide), protein-DNA (RNA), protein(polypeptide)-carbohydrate, protein-small molecule, DNAsmall molecule, small molecule-small molecule, have been well characterized by CE. CE is shown to be a powerful tool for the determination of the binding parameters of various bioaffinity interactions.

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“…Okun et al evaluated a different method for peak identification for human rhinovirus (HRV). The peaks were identified using various indirect methods involving (i) RNase treatment followed by enzymatic digestion and (ii) immunodepletion with monoclonal antibody binding (44). In a separate study, subviral particles of HRV were separated and identified using fast spectral scanning in conjunction with immunodepletion (46).…”

Section: Microbes Versus Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation, Identification, and Characterization of Microorganisms by Capillary Electrophoresis

Desai

Armstrong

2003

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

129

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The use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) for the analysis, identification, and characterization of microorganisms has been gaining in popularity. The advantages of CE, such as small sample requirements, minimal sample preparation, rapid and simultaneous analysis, ease of quantitation and identification, and viability assessment, make it an attractive technique for the analysis of microbial analytes. As this instrumental method has evolved, higher peak efficiencies have been achieved by optimizing CE conditions, such as pH, ionic strength, and polymer additive concentration. Experimental improvements have allowed better quantitation and more accurate results. Many practical applications of this technique have been investigated. Viability and identification of microbes can be accomplished in a single analysis. This is useful for evaluation of microbial analytes in consumer products. Diagnosis of microbe-based diseases is now possible, in some cases, without the need for culture methods. Microbe-molecule, virus-antibody, or bacteria-antibiotic interactions can be monitored using CE, allowing for the screening of possible drug candidates. Fermentation can be monitored using this system. This instrumental approach can be adapted to many different applications, including assessing the viability of sperm cells. Progress has been made in the development of microelectrophoresis instrumentation. These advances will eventually allow the development of small, dedicated devices for the rapid, repetitive analyses of specific microbial samples. Although these methods may never fully replace traditional approaches, they are proving to be a valuable addition to the collection of techniques used to analyze, quantitate, and characterize microbes. This review outlines the recent developments in this rapidly growing field

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Analysis of Common Cold Virus (Human Rhinovirus Serotype 2) by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis: The Problem of Peak Identification

Cited by 87 publications

References 25 publications

Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Electrokinetic Detection and Characterization of Intact Microorganisms

Recent advances in the study of biomolecular interactions by capillary electrophoresis

Separation, Identification, and Characterization of Microorganisms by Capillary Electrophoresis

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