Analysis of cocaine and metabolites in brain using solid phase extraction and full-scanning gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry

Hernández, Antonio Santiesteban; Andollo, Wilmo; Hearn, William Lee

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(94)90270-4

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All cases were evaluated for common drugs of abuse and alcohol, and positive urine screens were confirmed by quantitative analysis of blood. Blood cocaine was quantified using gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy techniques (Hernandez et al, 1994). Drug-free and age-matched control subjects were selected from accidental deaths with no cocaine or metabolites detected in toxicology screens of blood or brain tissue.…”

Section: Neurological Tissue Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine transporter immunoblotting and radioligand binding in cocaine abusers

Mash

Ouyang

Qin

et al. 2005

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Neurological Tissue Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norepinephrine transporter immunoblotting and radioligand binding in cocaine abusers

Mash

Ouyang

Qin

et al. 2005

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…62 Protein isolation and fractionation The brains were photographed after removal and cut into 1.5 cm coronal blocks to be subsequently frozen in 2-methyl butane on dry ice at À301C and stored later at À801C. One hundred and fifty milligram punches were dissected from the blocks containing NAc and caudate/putamen.…”

Section: Subjects and Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Cytosolic proteomic alterations in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine overdose victims

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic cocaine use in humans and animal models is known to lead to pronounced alterations in neuronal function in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a brain region associated with drug reinforcement. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to compare protein alterations in the NAc between cocaine overdose (COD) victims (n = 10) and controls (n = 10). Following image normalization, spots with significantly differential image intensities (P < 0.05) were identified, excised, trypsin digested and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-time of flight. A total of 1407 spots were found to be present in a minimum of five subjects per group and the intensity of 18 spots was found to be differentially abundant between the groups, leading to positive identification of 15 proteins by peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF). Of an additional 37 protein spots that were constitutively expressed, 32 proteins were positively identified by PMF. Increased proteins in COD included b-tubulin, liprin-a3 and neuronal enolase, whereas decreased proteins included parvalbumin, ATP synthase b-chain and peroxiredoxin 2. The present data provide a preliminary protein profile of COD, suggesting the involvement of novel proteins and pathways in the expression of this complex disease. Additional studies are warranted to further characterize alterations in the differentially regulated proteins. Understanding the coordinated involvement of multiple proteins in cocaine abuse provides insight into the molecular basis of the disease and offers new targets for pharmacotherapeutic intervention for drug abuse-related disorders.

show abstract

“…All cases were evaluated for common drugs of abuse (including alcohol), and positive urine screens were confirmed by quantitative analysis of blood. Blood (and, in study 1, brain) levels of cocaine and metabolites were determined as described (12). The cocaine overdose cases used in the present study tested negative for other drugs of abuse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of the transcription factor NURR1 in dopamine neurons of cocaine abusers

Bannon

Pruetz

Manning-Bog

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic exposure to cocaine induces long-term adaptations that are likely to involve changes in transcription factor expression. This possibility has not been examined in the cocaine-exposed human brain. The transcription factor nurr1 is highly expressed in rodent midbrain dopamine neurons and is essential for their proper phenotypic development. Here we show that human NURR1 gene expression is robust within control subjects and reduced markedly within the dopamine neurons of human cocaine abusers. NURR1 is known to regulate transcription of the gene encoding the cocainesensitive dopamine transporter (DAT). We show here that DAT gene expression also is reduced markedly in the dopamine neurons of NURR1-deficient cocaine abusers, suggesting that NURR1 plays a critical role in vivo in controlling human DAT gene expression and adaptation to repeated exposure to cocaine.

show abstract

Analysis of cocaine and metabolites in brain using solid phase extraction and full-scanning gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 10 publications

Norepinephrine transporter immunoblotting and radioligand binding in cocaine abusers

Norepinephrine transporter immunoblotting and radioligand binding in cocaine abusers

Cytosolic proteomic alterations in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine overdose victims

Decreased expression of the transcription factor NURR1 in dopamine neurons of cocaine abusers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About