Analysis of CO₂ concentration distribution inside and outside small boiler plants

Abstract

Analysis of the distribution of CO2 concentrations was performed for a water-and-steam boiler plant located in a detached building supplying thermal energy to a hospital. The boiler plant was equipped with two low-temperature boilers and one high-temperature steam boiler. The maximum thermal energy demand of the hospital was 4280, 3500 kW of which came from the hot-water boilers and the remaining 780 kW from the steam boiler. Due to the operating system there were no permanent job positions in the boiler plant. Servicing consisted only in the supervision, periodic adjustment and maintenance of the equipment. These kinds of working conditions release the employer from the necessity to perform tests and measurements of working conditions in such a building. On the other hand, continuous measurements are made because of the installation safety and emissions of pollutants into the environment. The article presents results of the measurements and analysis of the distribution of CO2 concentrations inside and outside a small boiler plant, due to which it was found that the level of carbon dioxide concentration did not depend on the ambient air temperature. The resulting values are similar regardless of whether the measurements were taken in December 2012 or April 2013. However, there is an evident impact of seasons on the concentrations in the indoor air associated primarily with the demand for heat during the given period, the stay of people in the workplace and the number of working devices.

Integrated Production of Biofuels and Succinic Acid from Biomass after Thermochemical Pretreatments

“…during carbonated soft drinks and soda water production, solid form known as "dry ice" can be used as refrigerants in food industry etc. [35][36][37][38]. Alternatively, used for biomass pretreatment can be recovered using distillation and recycled back to biomass pretreatment.…”

Smog episodes in the Lodz agglomeration in the years 2014-17

“…In this case smog is formed [12][13][14][15][16] -a phenomenon which was particularly burdensome last winter (2016/2017). At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the main sources of particulate matter include road transport, municipal combustion processes, agriculture, CHP and power plants, and numerous manufacturing processes in industry [17][18][19][20][21]. All of these elements make up the so-called 'low emission', i.e.…”

The distribution of air temperature and velocity in the selected boiler room

“…These criteria are also vital in technological rooms not intended for permanent presence of people (inter alia in boiler rooms), where the time spent by employees can be up to two hours [15]. Work of technological equipment in industrial buildings is often associated with the emission of particulate matter and gas pollution [16], as well as with the release of heat and moisture. Therefore, in the condition of high thermal power of process equipment and small encapsulation of technological processes, a significant amount of heat and various types of contaminants enter the room.…”