Analysis of Climate Change in the Coastal Zone of Eastern China, against the Background of Global Climate Change over the Last Fifty Years: Case Study of Shandong Peninsula, China

Abstract

The climate change in Shandong Peninsula, China was analyzed in this paper by the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, Accumulated Difference Curve and Order Cluster Analysis methods, based upon the datas of annual mean, maximum and minimum temperature and annual precipitation, precipitation from June to September over the past 50 years. Results obtained showed a number of observations: 1) The annual mean temperature of Shandong Peninsula showed a significant increasing trend, with a distinct abrupt change point detected around 1990, during the past 5 decades. The warming of the Peninsula over the last 50 years was due mainly to the significant increase of annual minimum temperature. The annual maximum temperature demonstrated a mixed trend of decreasing and increasing, but was statistically insignificant, and no abrupt change was detected; 2) The annual precipitation exhibited a decreasing trend during the past 5 decades, with an abrupt change detected around 1980 at most stations; but there was an earlier transition point at 1966, at a few stations. The reduction in precipitation, from June to September, was responsible mainly for the decrease of annual precipitation. Besides, the proportion of the June-September precipitation in the year declined slightly over the last 50 years; 3) In comparison, the temperature evolution in Shandong Peninsula was basically consistent with most parts of China, but warmed at a faster rate over the same period; the decreasing trend of precipitation was more significant compared with the other climate zones of China. Within the Peninsula, the abrupt change of temperature and precipitation in the Southeast was earlier than that in the Northwest; the reduction of precipitation was larger in the Southeast while the increase of temperature was more significant in the Northwest. This research was of great importance to understand the climate change and its environmental effects in the coastal zone.

Trends Analysis of Stream Flow at Different Gauging Stations in Upper Jhelum River

“…It showed a general upward stream flow trends, barring a few Northwestern and Southeastern regions exhibited downward stream flow trends. The stream flow data collected from 11 Canadian gauging stations for 30-50 years were analyzed and it was observed that during this period, the average annual stream flow decreased for southern cities and the average monthly stream flow frequently decreased for all stations [14]. Similarly, it was observed on the basis of analyzing 31 years long monthly stream flow data for 26 Turkish basins which indicated downward stream flow trends.…”

Analysis of Water Resource Situation of the Tarim River Basin and the System Evolution under the Changing Environment

“…Based on linear tendency estimate method (Tian et al, 2011), an analysis on the runoff changing process and long-term trend is made of the main control hydrological stations of the Tarim River Basin (as shown in Figure 2). The research results shows that, among the original rivers of Tarim River, a significant increase in the annual runoff of Aksu River and Yarkant River, a slight increase in Hotian River and an obvious decrease in the Tarim River mainstream.…”