Analysis of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of long-term heavy smokers

Littlefield, L. Gayle; Joiner, E.E.

doi:10.1016/0165-1218(86)90028-5

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Within the groups, the DNA damage parameters showed a slight increase with increasing age (ANOVA p > 0.05). Smoking has been shown to increase DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations in welders (Littlefield and Joiner, 1986;Sellappa et al, 2011;Suresh et al, 2011;Tawn and Whitehouse, 2001). But in our study, only the smoking controls showed a significant increase in the mean CTL as compared to the nonsmoking controls.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Assessment of DNA damage as an index of genetic toxicity in welding microenvironments among iron-based industries

Singh

Chadha

2016

Toxicol Ind Health

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Welding is used extensively in different industries. Welders are always at a risk of exposure to a number of gases and metal-containing fumes in their respective microenvironments in which they work. Welding fumes consist of a wide range of complex metal oxide particles which can deposit in different parts of their bodies causing serious health problems. In the present study, 35 welders (age: 33.80 ± 1.04 years) from two iron-based industries have been assessed for DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes using single-cell gel electrophoresis. An equal number of subjects (N = 35; age: 30.40 ± 1.51 years) matched to exposed subjects with respect to sex, age, socioeconomic status, smoking, and alcoholic habits were taken as controls. The results revealed that the damaged cell frequency (DCF) and mean comet tail length (CTL) in welders were significantly higher as compared to the controls (DCF: 69.74 ± 1.68 vs. 31.14 ± 1.67 and CTL: 29.21 ± 1.48 vs. 1.47 ± 0.08; p < 0.05). The effect of confounding factors such as age, duration of exposure, smoking, and drinking habits was also studied. Blood lead levels also showed a positive correlation with duration of exposure and CTL, and the overall results indicated an increased genetic damage as an index of genotoxicity in workers occupationally engaged in welding microenvironments.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Assessment of DNA damage as an index of genetic toxicity in welding microenvironments among iron-based industries

Singh

Chadha

2016

Toxicol Ind Health

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“…A similar increase was reported by Korte, Wagner, and Obe (1981) in smoke-treated Chinese hamsters. Littlefield and Joiner (1986), however, recorded a significant increase in the mean MI in cultured lymphocytes of cigarette smokers. This was further confirmed by the present authors in the case of hookah smokers (Yadav & Thakur, 2000), where the MI increased significantly from 3.88 in non-smokers to 5.41 in smokers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, the mutagenicity of tobacco smoke has been a matter of controversy. Whereas some authors reported a smoke-related increase in chromosomal aberrations (CA; Littlefield & Joiner, 1986;Obe, Heller, & Vogt, 1984;Obe & Herha, 1978;Obe, Vogt, Madle, Fahning, & Heller, 1982;Vijayaluxmi & Evans, 1982), others did not find one (Bender, Preston, Leonard, Pyatt, Gooch, & Shelby, 1988;Bender, Preston, Leonard, Pyatt, & Gooch, 1989;Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Maki-Paakkanen, Norppa, & Sorsa, 1980;Nordenson, Beckman, Beckman, & Nordstrom, 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cytogenetic damage in bidi smokers

Yadav

Thakur

2000

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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The genotoxic effects of bidi smoke were investigated in the somatic chromosomes of 45 men habituated to smoking bidi. Mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and satellite associations (SA) were used as parameters. When compared with the results obtained in the blood samples from the comparable non-smoker group of men, a significant increase (p < 0.01) was noted in all the above mentioned parameters of the smoker subjects: MI (3.71-6.24), CA (0.84-3.23), SCE (3.68-7.65) and SA (5.26-11.28). A clear time-dose-effect relationship has been observed. Bidi smoke thus is both clastogenic and genotoxic for human beings.

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“…Pitarque et al (2002) reported significantly higher mean frequencies of SCE per cell and HFC in smokers compared to non-smokers based on a study of shoe factory workers. A higher frequency of chromatid exchanges (CE) among smokers has been reported (Obe & Herha 1978, Vijayalaxmi & Evans 1982, Stenstrand 1985, Littlefield & Joiner 1986; 1/294, 1/458 3/1000, 1/428 CE respectively). We did not observe any chromatid exchanges, maybe because only 100 cells each were scored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We did not observe any chromatid exchanges, maybe because only 100 cells each were scored. Littlefield and Joiner (1986) observed that the majority of chromatid exchanges were symmetrical and apparently involved homologous chromosomes. These quadriradial configurations are analogous to SCE, since the former result from interchromosomal exchanges while the latter involve intrachromosomal exchanges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Differential radiation effects in smokers – culture time dependence of the yield of gamma ray-induced chromosome damage in first division metaphases

Krishnaja

Sharma

2006

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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TA in conventional or FPG stained metaphase chromosomes is not a sensitive cytogenetic marker for mutagen exposed population screening. Higher radiation induced CA frequencies in M1 cells with extended culture time were indicative of a delay in cell cycle progression of aberrant cells or different lymphocyte subset populations. Bridge-breakage-fusion (BBF) events due to dicentrics may be instrumental in the perpetuation of chromosomal instability. Differential effects were noted in radiation-induced dicentric, SCE and MN frequencies in smokers compared to non-smokers. Heavy smoking could be a confounding variable in chromosome-based biodosimetry and biomonitoring studies. Giant cells may denote a switch to amitotic modes of cell survival, providing additional mechanisms of genotoxic resistance.

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Analysis of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of long-term heavy smokers

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Assessment of DNA damage as an index of genetic toxicity in welding microenvironments among iron-based industries

Assessment of DNA damage as an index of genetic toxicity in welding microenvironments among iron-based industries

Cytogenetic damage in bidi smokers

Differential radiation effects in smokers – culture time dependence of the yield of gamma ray-induced chromosome damage in first division metaphases

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