Analysis of Chemical Warfare Degradation Products

Kroening, Karolin K.; Easter, Renee N.; Richardson, Douglas D.; Willison, Stuart A.; Caruso, Joseph A.

doi:10.1002/9781119993681

Cited by 17 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, some of these agents are also believed to work by targeting sulfhydryl (SH) group–containing enzymes, as reported for Lewisite. This mechanism of enzyme inhibition interferes with key functions of metabolic processes, leading to disruption of the cell structure . In addition, arsenic (III) released from these agents may play some role in the delayed toxicity of these agents …”

Section: Chemical Warfare and Industrial Arsenicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Biological and environmental hazards associated with exposure to chemical warfare agents: arsenicals

Srivastavá

Athar

2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arsenicals are highly reactive inorganic and organic derivatives of arsenic. These chemicals are very toxic and produce both acute and chronic tissue damage. Based on these observations, and considering the low cost and simple methods of their bulk syntheses, these agents were thought to be appropriate for chemical warfare. Among these, the most known agent synthesized and weaponized during World War I (WWI) is Lewisite. Exposure to Lewisite causes painful inflammatory and blistering responses in the skin, lung, and eye. These chemicals also manifest systemic tissue injury following their cutaneous exposure. Although largely discontinued after WWI, their stockpiles are still known to exist in the former Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, the United States, and Asia. Thus, their access by terrorists or accidental exposure could be highly dangerous for humans and the environment. This review summarizes studies which describe the biological, pathophysiological, toxicological, and environmental effects of exposure to arsenicals, with a major focus on cutaneous injury. Studies related to the development of novel molecular pathobiology–based antidotes against these agents are also described.

show abstract

Section: Chemical Warfare and Industrial Arsenicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential pathways determining the fate of CWAs in the environment include volatilization, sorption, hydrolysis, photolysis, and microbial degradation . Some of the arsenic‐containing chemical warfare degradation products are listed in Table .…”

Section: Environmental Residues and Degradation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and environmental hazards associated with exposure to chemical warfare agents: arsenicals

Srivastavá

Athar

2016

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ekstraksiyon için toksikolojik analizlerde genelde SPE (Solid phase extraction-katı faz ekstraksiyon) kullanılmaktadır. Türevlendirme işlemi ise gaz kromatografisi cihazı analizlerinde gereklidir (6,12,13).…”

Section: Seçimi Ve Analize Hazırlanmasıunclassified

“…Hızlı ve pozitif sonuç vermesi için seçilen cihaz, gerekliliklerin tümünü yerine getirebilmelidir. Son yıl-larda üzerinde en çok durulan sinir ajanları, yakıcı ajanlar ve daha düşük ilgiye sahip kapasite bozucu ajanların analizinin doğru takibinin yapılabilmesi için farklı yaklaşımlar gelişti-rilmiştir (1,12,14).…”

Section: Anali̇zunclassified

Forensic toxicological analysis of chemical warfare agents and their metabolites in biological samples

Gören¹,

Dağlioğlu²,

Efeoglu³

et al. 2014

Adli Tip Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…10 For DMMP, peaks due to the (P O) group, and (P−O−C) group are observed at 1240.7, and 714.9 cm −1 , respectively. 11 Consequently, our Raman spectroscopy system based on the 213-nm Nd:YAG fifth harmonic wave laser can be applied to the detection and identification toxic chemicals using a deep-UV light source. For TEP, peaks assignable to the (CH 3 ) group, (P O) group, C−O group stretching, and (P−O−C) group are observed at 1452.0, 1272.0, 1098.2, and 736.7 cm −1 , respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%