Analysis of cellular and protein content of broncho-alveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Reynolds, Herbert Y.; Fulmer, Jack D.; Kazmierowski, John A.; Roberts, William C.; Frank, M M; Crystal, Ronald G.

doi:10.1172/jci108615

Cited by 507 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In agreement with reports focusing on sporadic IPF, we found significantly higher percentages of BAL neutrophils in subjects with familial IPF, and not asymptomatic ILD, compared with subjects with normal HRCT scans (24)(25)(26)(27). Nonsmoking subjects with asymptomatic ILD had significantly higher percentages of BAL lymphocytes compared with those with a history of ever smoking, and subjects with asymptomatic ILD tended to have higher percentages of BAL lymphocytes compared with subjects with normal HRCT scans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Early Interstitial Lung Disease in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis

Rosas¹,

Ren²,

Avila³

et al. 2007

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

154

158

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Rationale: Identification of early, asymptomatic interstitial lung disease (ILD) in populations at risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may improve the understanding of the natural history of IPF. Objectives: To determine clinical, radiographic, physiologic, and pathologic features of asymptomatic ILD in family members of patients with familial IPF. Methods: One hundred sixty-four subjects from 18 kindreds affected with familial IPF were evaluated for ILD. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Lung biopsies were performed in six subjects with asymptomatic ILD. Measurements and Main Results: High-resolution computed tomography abnormalities suggesting ILD were identified in 31 (22%) of 143 asymptomatic subjects. Subjects with asymptomatic ILD were significantly younger than subjects with known familial IPF (P , 0.001) and significantly older than related subjects without lung disease (P , 0.001). A history of smoking was identified in 45% of subjects with asymptomatic ILD and in 67% of subjects with familial IPF; these percentages were significantly higher than that of related subjects without lung disease (23%) (P 5 0.02 and P , 0.001, respectively). Percentages of activated CD4 1 lymphocytes were significantly higher in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells from subjects with asymptomatic ILD compared with related subjects without lung disease (P , 0.001). Lung biopsies performed in subjects with asymptomatic ILD revealed diverse histologic subtypes. Conclusions: Asymptomatic ILD in individuals at risk of developing familial IPF can be identified using high-resolution computed tomography scan of the chest, especially in those with a history of smoking. Lung biopsies from individuals in this cohort with early asymptomatic lung disease demonstrate various histologic subtypes of ILD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Early Interstitial Lung Disease in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis

Rosas¹,

Ren²,

Avila³

et al. 2007

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

154

158

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“…The cell profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from the normal volunteer and control patient groups were in good accordance with those reported by others (13,14) and the percentages of neutrophils and bronchial epithelial cells were below 1-2%. In these control groups, the percentage of neutrophils was higher in the bronchial lavage fluid than in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, it is likely difficult to obtain cells and sub stances from the lesions of the diffuse panbronchiolitis patients effectively by routine bronchoalveolar lavage (7,13,14), in which infused saline is recovered manually at a very low negative pressure. Therefore, in the present study, bronchial lavage in which infused saline is re covered at a higher negative pressure using an aspirator, was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Profile and Elastase Activity in Diffuse Panbronchiolitis Investigated by Bronchoalveolar and Bronchial Lavage.

et al. 1992

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To examine the mechanism of tissue damage which causes bronchiolectasis in diffuse pan bronchiolitis (DPB), the cellular components, elastase and its main inhibitor, alpha 1-protease inhibitor (al-PI) were measured in bronchoalveolar and bronchial lavage fluid (BALF and BLF) from 14 DPB patients. A predominant increase in the neutrophil count was observed in DPB. Elastase activity in BALF and BLF was about 1,000-fold higher in the DPB group than in the control group. An inhibitor study and a positive correlation between elastase activity and the neutrophil count in both lavage fluids from the DPB group indicated that the activity was mainly that of neutrophil elastase. Western blot analysis of al-PI showed that most of the al-PI in the lavage fluids from DPB group was degraded. These results indicated that neutrophil infiltration increases the level of elastase in the DPB lesions; this increase seems to be closely related to tissue damage. (Internal Medicine 31: 599-605, 1992)

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6]8) Furthermore, the absolute concentration of albumin itself in BALF may allow characterization of interstitial lung disorders.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In bronchoalveolar lavage, sterile saline is administered into the bronchoalveolar space and aspirated by syringe. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorimetric Determination of Trace Amounts of Albumin in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid with Eriochrome Cyanine R

Sato

Saito

Chikuma

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Bronchoalveolar lavage has been widely used to recover cells, proteins, and small molecules from the alveolar space of the lower respiratory tract since the first report of Reynolds and Newball over three decades ago.1) The analysis of these components is of wide diagnostic and investigative value. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In bronchoalveolar lavage, sterile saline is administered into the bronchoalveolar space and aspirated by syringe. 1)Because recovery of the components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) varies from sample to sample, their concentrations are usually normalized relative to those of albumin. [1][2][3][4][5][6]8) Furthermore, the absolute concentration of albumin itself in BALF may allow characterization of interstitial lung disorders.9,10) Therefore a sensitive and simple method for determining trace amounts of albumin in BALF is desirable.Dye-binding methods are widely used for the determination of proteins, 13) and spectrophotometric methods using bromocresol green are most commonly used in clinical assays of human serum albumin (HSA).14-17) However, the specificity for HSA in the bromocresol green method is not very high. The bromocresol purple method is also used in clinical measurement of HSA, and is more selective for HSA than the bromocresol green method. 18,19) However, the bromocresol purple method is not applicable to BALF samples of low albumin concentration.Saito et al. 20,21) reported a highly sensitive fluorimetric method using chromazurol S (CAS) for the determination of trace albumin, and pointed out that several reagents analogous to CAS including eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) are promising.22) Subsequently, Ci and Chen 23) reported a fluorimetric method for the determination of HSA using ECR. They used 308 nm as the excitation wavelength. However, Saito's group reported that the HSA-ECR complex showed visible excitation and emission spectra and low reagent blank at pH <4.0. Ultraviolet radiation may give rise to fluorescence of other components. Therefore in the present study we investigated the fluorimetric determination method of human albumin using ECR and visible range as excitation wavelength. This technique was applied to determine trace amounts of human albumin in BALF samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS ReagentsThe chemicals used in the present study were obtained from the sources indicated as follows: Eriochrome cyanine R (ECR), Merck AG (Darmstadt, Germany); human serum albumin (HSA), fraction V grade, and goat anti-HSA antiserum, Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, U.S.A.); 3,3Ј,5,5Ј-tetramethylbenzidine, Nacalai Tesque Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). All solutions were prepared using water purified with a Milli-Q water system (Millipore Corp., Bedford, U.S.A.). Polystyrene balls were obtained from Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Bronchoalveolar Lavage Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Fifty milliliters of warm saline was infused through the work channel of a bronchoscope then withdrawn by gentle aspiration. The lavage was repeated 6 times, and a...

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Analysis of cellular and protein content of broncho-alveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Abstract: A B S T R A C T

Cited by 507 publications

References 21 publications

Early Interstitial Lung Disease in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis

Early Interstitial Lung Disease in Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cell Profile and Elastase Activity in Diffuse Panbronchiolitis Investigated by Bronchoalveolar and Bronchial Lavage.

Fluorimetric Determination of Trace Amounts of Albumin in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid with Eriochrome Cyanine R

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