Analysis of bridge structures crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones: A simple method for generating across‐fault seismic ground motions

Yang, Shuo; Mavroeidis, George P.; Ucak, Alper

doi:10.1002/eqe.3290

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Because no ground motions were recorded on the opposite side of the fault rupture (hereafter “Side II”), the assumption of equal distribution of ground dislocation between the two sides of the fault is utilized to estimate ground motions on this side (e.g., Refs. 5, 8, and 9). Specifically, the fault‐normal component for Side II is assumed to be identical to the fault‐normal component for Side I to ensure kinematic continuity in the fault‐normal direction, whereas the fault‐parallel component for Side II is assumed to be equal in magnitude to the fault‐parallel component for Side I but with reversed polarity to account for the ground dislocation in the fault‐parallel direction across the rupture.…”

Section: Actual Near‐fault Pulse‐like Ground Motionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…to recover the associated long‐period information. These records exhibit a distinct velocity pulse in the fault‐normal direction and a permanent ground displacement in the fault‐parallel direction, and were previously selected by Yang et al 9 . based on specific criteria to analyze bridge structures crossing strike‐slip faults.…”

Section: Actual Near‐fault Pulse‐like Ground Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For both seismically isolated bridges, NLRHA is conducted using the 3D stick models developed by Ucak et al 7 . and Yang et al 9 . in the commercially available finite element software Abaqus/Standard 28 .…”

Section: Bridge Structures and Finite Element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation is due to the different earthquake magnitudes associated with these records (i.e., M w 6.6 for GSH and M w 7.4 for YPT). Note that the earthquake magnitude affects the pulse periods and PGDs of both ground‐motion components, as well as the permanent ground displacement of the fault‐parallel component 9 . By generating ground‐motion records for earthquakes of different magnitudes using the loading functions proposed by Yang et al 9 .…”

Section: Parametric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Yang

Mavroeidis

Tsopelas

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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This article presents a comprehensive parametric study of ordinary and seismically isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip faults by performing nonlinear response history analysis using actual near‐fault ground‐motion records and by varying the fault crossing angle, fault crossing location, pier height, span length, seismic excitation polarity, and number of ground‐motion components. The considered ground motions include three records from major earthquakes with their peak ground displacements and pulse periods being considerably larger in the fault‐parallel component than in the fault‐normal component and one record from a strong earthquake with comparable peak ground displacements and pulse periods in both components. The analysis results indicate that fault crossing angle and fault crossing location significantly affect the displacement demands, the distributions of peak displacement responses at piers and abutments, and the deformed shapes of both ordinary and seismically isolated bridges. The most advantageous scenario is generally obtained at a fault crossing angle of 90° and a fault crossing location at the middle span of the bridge. In addition, the variation trends of isolation displacement demands and pier drift demands of seismically isolated bridges with fault crossing angle and fault crossing location appear to depend primarily on earthquake magnitude. Based on the limited number of considered records, it is also observed that utilizing only the fault‐parallel ground‐motion component is generally sufficient for the seismic analysis of bridges crossing strike‐slip faults, with the exception of seismically isolated bridges subjected to records from smaller earthquakes. Furthermore, the effect of seismic excitation polarity on the displacement demands of ordinary and seismically isolated bridges may be significant depending on the fault crossing angle. Finally, pier height and span length are found to have an insignificant effect on the displacement demands of bridges crossing strike‐slip faults.

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Section: Actual Near‐fault Pulse‐like Ground Motionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Actual Near‐fault Pulse‐like Ground Motionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bridge Structures and Finite Element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parametric Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Yang

Mavroeidis

Tsopelas

2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

Self Cite

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“…For example, across-fault ground motion can be obtained by combining the parametrically determined low-frequency pulse component and the high-frequency component of a strong-motion record (e.g. Yang et al 2020;Zhang et al 2020). Due to the assumption that the ground dislocation is distributed equally among the two sides of the fault, this method only applies to strike-slip fault scenario and cannot be used in dip-slip fault scenario.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Across-fault ground motions and their effects on some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake

Lin

Zong

Lin

et al. 2021

ABEN

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Simply-supported bridges are vulnerable to surface fault rupture as evidenced by several fault-crossing bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. To investigate the seismic collapse mechanism of simply-supported bridges crossing the fault, across-fault ground motions are firstly simulated in the present study. In particular, based on a previously developed fault model of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake, broadband across-fault ground motions at six fault-crossing bridges are simulated using the hybrid deterministic-stochastic method, in which the low- and high-frequency components are computed using the deterministic Green’s function method and the stochastic finite-fault modeling method, respectively. The simulation results indicate that the hybrid deterministic-stochastic method can give reasonable predictions to the across-fault ground motions. Furthermore, utilizing the explicit dynamic finite element (FE) code LS-DYNA, behaviors of a three-span simply-supported bridge under a selected pair of across-fault ground motions are numerically simulated. Numerical results indicate that the structural responses and collapse mechanisms are dominated by the low-frequency ground motions. The large differential static offset across the fault is the main reason for the collapse of the simply-supported bridges. This study contributes understandings for the across-fault ground motions and the collapse mechanism of some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake.

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Seismic damage analysis due to near‐fault multipulse ground motion

Chen,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Near‐fault pulse‐like ground motion is a significant class of seismic records since it tends to cause more severe damage to structures than ordinary ground motions. However, previous researches mainly focus on single‐pulse ground motions. The multipulse ground motions that exist in records receive rare attention. In this study, an analysis procedure is proposed to investigate the effect of multipulse ground motions on structures by integrating finite element analysis and an identification method that features each pulse in the multipulse ground motion satisfying the same evaluation criteria. First, the Arias intensity, wavelet‐based cumulative energy distribution, and response spectra of identified non‐, single‐, and multipulse ground motions are compared. Then, the seismic damage on frame structures, a soil slope, and a concrete dam under non‐, single‐, and multipulse ground motions are analyzed. Results show that the spectral velocity of multipulse ground motions is significantly greater than those of non‐ and single‐pulse ground motions and potentially contains multiple peaks in the long‐period range. Seismic damage evaluation indicates that the maximum interstory drift of frame structures with high fundamental periods under multipulse ground motions is about twice that of nonpulse ground motions. Similar characteristics also exist in the soil slope and the concrete dam. Therefore, multipulse ground motions potentially cause more severe damage to structures compared to non‐ and single‐pulse ground motions. The findings of this study facilitate the recognition of the increased seismic demand imposed by the multipulse ground motion in engineering practices, provide new possibilities for ground motion selection in seismic design validation, and shed new light on seismic hazard and risk analysis in near‐fault regions.

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Analysis of bridge structures crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones: A simple method for generating across‐fault seismic ground motions

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Seismic response study of ordinary and isolated bridges crossing strike‐slip fault rupture zones

Across-fault ground motions and their effects on some bridges in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake

Seismic damage analysis due to near‐fault multipulse ground motion

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