Analysis of Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Film findings in sixty diagnosed cases of Lymphoma

Abstract

Lymphoma constituting 55.6% of hematological malignancy, its prognosis depends on the correct diagnosis and stage of the disease, which is established after examination of peripheral blood film (PBF), bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) along with other parameters. Objective: The objective is to find out the percentage and pattern of bone marrow involvement, along with peripheral blood changes in lymphoma. Material and Methods: PBF, BMA and BMB findings studied in 60 lymphoma patients during a period of 3 years. The PBF and aspiration smears stained with Leishmann's stain, while the trephine biopsy processed and stained with Haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain and Reticulin stain. The results were scrutinized, compared and evaluated. Results: The male to female ratio was 1.4:1, including 53(88.3%) cases of NHL and 7(11.7%) cases of HL. Most common age group involved in NHL was 51-60 years and in HL was 31-40 years. 19/60 (31.7%) cases showed leucocytic lymphocytosis on PBF examination. Percentage lymphocytes in marrow differential count was increased in 16(26.7%) cases and were reported with bone marrow involvement on BMA and BMB and 1 case having borderline percentage lymphocyte count on BMA was reported as bone marrow involved case, only after examining the BMB. The diffuse pattern of involvement was most common in 7(41.2%), followed by paratrabecular pattern in 6(35.3%) cases. Conclusion: Thus to conclude bone marrow examination give valuable information in lymphoma, about disease burden, percentage of involvement, pattern of involvement and baseline involvement prior to therapy.