Analysis of Biomechanical Parameters of Muscle Soleus Contraction and Blood Biochemical Parameters in Rat with Chronic Glyphosate Intoxication and Therapeutic Use of C60 Fullerene

Abstract

The widespread use of glyphosate as a herbicide in agriculture can lead to the presence of its residues and metabolites in food for human consumption and thus pose a threat to human health. It has been found that glyphosate reduces energy metabolism in the brain, its amount increases in white muscle fibers. At the same time, the effect of chronic use of glyphosate on the dynamic properties of skeletal muscles remains practically unexplored. The selected biomechanical parameters (the integrated power of muscle contraction, the time of reaching the muscle contraction force its maximum value and the reduction of the force response by 50% and 25% of the initial values during stimulation) of muscle soleus contraction in rats, as well as blood biochemical parameters (the levels of creatinine, creatine phosphokinase, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, reduced glutathione and catalase) were analyzed after chronic glyphosate intoxication (oral administration at a dose of 10 μg/kg of animal weight) for 30 days. Water-soluble C60 fullerene, as a poweful antioxidant, was used as a therapeutic nanoagent throughout the entire period of intoxication with the above herbicide (oral administration at doses of 0.5 or 1 mg/kg). The data obtained show that the introduction of C60 fullerene at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg reduces the degree of pathological changes by 40–45%. Increasing the dose of C60 fullerene to 1 mg/kg increases the therapeutic effect by 55–65%, normalizing the studied biomechanical and biochemical parameters. Thus, C60 fullerenes can be effective nanotherapeutics in the treatment of glyphosate-based herbicide poisoning.

Effect of C60 Fullerene on Recovery of Muscle Soleus in Rats after Atrophy Induced by Achillotenotomy

“…The level of enzymes content in the blood of experimental animals, namely, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity (CAT)), as markers of muscle injury, was determined using clinical diagnostic equipment—a haemoanalyzer [ 25 ].…”

“…In our previous studies, it was shown that administration of water-soluble C 60 fullerenes after initiation of ischemic damage leads to significant positive therapeutic effects [ 23 ]. A positive trend has been shown when using them for muscle injury [ 24 ], muscle dysfunction associated with pesticide poisoning [ 25 ], as well as the development of fatigue processes [ 26 ]. All these data stimulated us to test water-soluble C 60 fullerenes as potential therapeutic agents that reduce pathological effects in the muscular system of rats during the development of AT-associated dystrophy.…”

Residual Effect of Water-Soluble C60 Fullerene on the Muscle Soleus and Muscle Gastrocnemius Contraction in Rats With the Development of Fatigue

“…Патологічні дисфункції у м'язовій тканині за надмірних силових навантажень виникають у разі надмірного накопичення РФК, пероксидiв та їх вторинних продуктiв за неспроможностi антиоксидантної системи забезпечити пiдтримання про-та антиоксидантної рiвноваги [9]. Як потенційні антиоксиданти можуть розглядатися вуглецеві наноструктури, одними з яких є біосумісні та біодоступні С 60 -фулерени [10].…”

Toxic Effect of Fullerene and Its Derivatives upon the Transmembrane β2-Adrenergic Receptors

“…Since the discovery of fullerene (C 60 ), its functions have attracted the intensive interests of scientists [1,2]. Because of the excellent physical and chemical properties of fullerene, it has become one of the most promising nanomaterials, and has been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry [3][4][5][6]. In vivo, fullerene molecules show a tendency to aggregate into nanoparticles which can cross the cell membranes of brains due to their lipophilic properties.…”