Analysis of Biologically Active Substances in Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus L.) in Selected Natural Localities of Slovak Republic

Abstract

The bioactive substances such as total polyphenols, anthocyanins, quercetin, chlorogen acid, pterostilbene and antioxidant activity in samples of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) from different natural localities of the Slovak Republic -Oščadnica and Liesek (northwestern Slovakia), Poprad, Kežmarok, Stará Ľubovňa (northeastern Slovakia) and one sample of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) from local supermarket was determined. The total of polyphenols ranged from 33772.5 ± 737.99 mg*kg -1 dw (Kežmarok) to 9685.0 ± 958.63 mg*kg -1 dw (supermarket). The content of total antocyanins was detected in a range from 5578.0 mg*kg -1 dw in a sample from the supermarket to 2887.75 mg*kg -1 dw from Kežmarok locality. The highest quercetin content was detected in the sample from Liesek locality (6.79 ± 0.36 mg*kg -1 dw), then in Stará Ľubovňa (6.03 ± 0.31 mg*kg dw. Higher amounts were detected in samples harvested from Poprad locality and the order follows: Poprad > Kežmarok > Stará Ľubovňa > Oščadnica > supermarket > Liesek. The content of pterostilben varied between 2.162 ± 0.217 mg*g -1 dw in the sample from the supermarket and 1.274 ± 0.312 mg*g -1 dw in the sample from Stará Ľubovňa. The highest values of antiradical activity were found in the sample from Kežmarok (81.180 ± 2.020 % inhibition). Based on these measures a conclusion is that geographical location of bilberry harvest was functional in relation to levels of bioactive substances, plus other factors such as weather, ripeness and harvest technique may have a contributory role. From these results, it can be determined, that bilberry contains a significant 1210Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2013, 14(3), p.1210-1219 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/14.3.1328 volume of bioactive substances -highly effective during preventive and supportive therapy of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus and others.Keywords: antioxidant activity, anthocyanins, bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), chlorogen acid, locality, pterostilbene, quercetin, Slovak Republic, total polyphenols Abstrakt Práca prináša výsledky hodnotenia antioxidačnej aktivity a obsahu bioaktívnych látok ako sú celkové polyfenoly, antokyaníny, kyselina chlorogénová, quercetin a pterostilben vo vzorkách čučoriedky obyčajnej (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Hodnotené vzorky boli zhromaždené z vybraných prírodných lokalít severného Slovenska (Oščadnica, Liesek, Poprad, Kežmarok a Stará Ľubovňa), jedna vzorka bola z ponuky miestnych supermarketov, krajina pôvodu Uruguaj. Na základe získaných meraní a výsledkov možno konštatovať, že na obsah bioaktívnych látok mala vplyv lokalita pôvodu (rastu) čučoriedky, pričom sa prejavil aj vplyv ďalších faktorov ako sú poveternostné podmienky, stupeň zrelosti a spôsob zberu plodov. Získané výsledky možno interpretovať ako potvrdenie toho, že čučoriedky obsahujú významné množstvo bioaktívnych látok, ktorých vplyv možno hodnotiť ako vysoko efektívny v prevencii a tiež aj v podpornej liečbe chronických ochorení neinfekčného pôvodu,...

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