Analysis of bioactive compounds from the leaves part of Melastoma malabatrichum, Clidemia hirta, Chromolaena odorata, and Ageratum conyzoides by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Abstract

The broad-leaved weeds Melastoma malabathricum, Clidemia hirta, Chromolaena odorata, and Ageratum conyzoides are characterized as potential weeds due to their high nutritional value and abundance of chemical components for different bioactivities. GC-MS analysis was used in the current study to identify potential bioactive components, mainly for insecticidal activity. Extraction from the leaves of these weeds was done using different solvents like ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate. The findings of the GC-MS analysis revealed that the ethyl acetate extract, which has the largest peak area (93.23%), contains the major of the compounds present in the M.malabathricum leaf extract. GC-MS analysis of C.hirta revealed that the major compound is in the ethyl acetate extract with a 50.05% peak area. C.odorata showed the major compound in the ethanol extract with a 70.13% peak area. A.conyzoides shows that the major compound is in acetone extract with a 29.42% peak area. These are the compound name respectively. Methyl 7-octadecenoate for M.malabatrichum, 2-Hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl for C.hirta, Palmitic acid, ethyl ester for C.odorata and α-Santalene for A.conyzoides. Some types of compounds found are known to have the potential as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, insecticidal, and others.