Analysis of biennial outbreak pattern of respiratory syncytial virus according to subtype (A and B) in the Zagreb region

Mlinarić‐Galinović, Gordana; Tabain, Irena; Kukovec, Tamara; Vojnović, Gordana; Božikov, Jadranka; Bogovic-Cepin, Jasna; Ivković‐Jureković, Irena; Knezović, Ivica; Tešović, Goran; Welliver, Robert C.

doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2011.03557.x

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Furthermore, the observation of 4 consecutive RSV A epidemics is at variance with previously reported time series [8-10,28] with pairs of epidemics of one group alternating between A and B. Nonetheless, our molecular analysis now extending to G variants within the group strains does support the previous observations by Mlinaric-Galinovic et al , 2009 and 2012 in Croatia that virus diversity does not appear to be the driver of the unusual epidemic patterns [32,33]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Examining strain diversity and phylogeography in relation to an unusual epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a long-term refugee camp in Kenya

et al. 2014

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BackgroundA recent longitudinal study in the Dadaab refugee camp near the Kenya-Somalia border identified unusual biannual respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemics. We characterized the genetic variability of the associated RSV strains to determine if viral diversity contributed to this unusual epidemic pattern.MethodsFor 336 RSV positive specimens identified from 2007 through 2011 through facility-based surveillance of respiratory illnesses in the camp, 324 (96.4%) were sub-typed by PCR methods, into 201 (62.0%) group A, 118 (36.4%) group B and 5 (1.5%) group A-B co-infections. Partial sequencing of the G gene (coding for the attachment protein) was completed for 290 (89.5%) specimens. These specimens were phylogenetically analyzed together with 1154 contemporaneous strains from 22 countries.ResultsOf the 6 epidemic peaks recorded in the camp over the period, the first and last were predominantly made up of group B strains, while the 4 in between were largely composed of group A strains in a consecutive series of minor followed by major epidemics. The Dadaab group A strains belonged to either genotype GA2 (180, 98.9%) or GA5 (2, < 1%) while all group B strains (108, 100%) belonged to BA genotype. In sequential epidemics, strains within these genotypes appeared to be of two types: those continuing from the preceding epidemics and those newly introduced. Genotype diversity was similar in minor and major epidemics.ConclusionRSV strain diversity in Dadaab was similar to contemporaneous diversity worldwide, suggested both between-epidemic persistence and new introductions, and was unrelated to the unusual epidemic pattern.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Examining strain diversity and phylogeography in relation to an unusual epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a long-term refugee camp in Kenya

et al. 2014

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“…This cycle has been monitored over 17 consecutive years (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010), and it was proved that the cycle repeats every 23-25 months and comprises 1 large or early and 1 small or late season. [26][27][28] Authors from Austria showed that HMPV outbreaks are also characterized by a biennial rhythm, with a strong peak of HMPV activity in late spring-summer months every second year. 13,17 In addition, they showed that HMPV outbreaks may overlap with RSV epidemics, but also can precede or follow annual RSV outbreaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Occurrence of Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Croatia

Ljubin‐Sternak¹,

Mlinarić‐Galinović²,

Buntić³

et al. 2014

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…The clinical samples from 1955 inpatients (aged 0–5 years) with acute respiratory tract infections were collected from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008 in the Zagreb region [Mlinaric‐Galinovic et al, 2012]. The study was conducted as part of the scientific projects nos.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HRSV was confirmed in 696/1,955 inpatients' nasopharyngeal secretions by detection with monoclonal antibodies, using a direct fluorescence assay (DFA‐Light Diagnostics, Chemicon International, Temecula, CA) at the Department of Virology, CNIPH. The virus group was determined by real‐time PCR [Mlinaric‐Galinovic et al, 2012]. Seventy‐two samples were chosen for sequencing, based on the collection dates of samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the genetic variability of human respiratory syncytial virus in Croatia, 2006–2008

Forčić

Ivancic-Jelecki

Mlinarić‐Galinović³

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a common etiological agent of acute lower respiratory tract disease in infants. The molecular epidemiology of HRSV in Croatia over four consecutive seasons (from 2006 to 2008) was investigated. A total of 72 HRSV samples were chosen from 696 screened cases in a pediatric clinic in Zagreb. Molecular characterization of HRSV revealed the predominance of HRSV group B viruses in the first two epidemic seasons and HRSV group A viruses in the next two seasons. According to the phylogenetic analysis, NA1 and BA9 were the predominant circulating HRSV genotypes detected during the study. Overall, 82.9% of all HRSV A strains belonged to the NA1 genotype. The HRSV B genotype BA9, detected in two consecutive seasons (2006 and 2007), was the predominant circulating HRSV B genotype, accounting for 80.6% of all HRSV B strains. This study provides data on the circulation pattern of HRSV genotypes in Croatia and their molecular characterization.

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Analysis of biennial outbreak pattern of respiratory syncytial virus according to subtype (A and B) in the Zagreb region

Abstract: Over a 3 year period of observation, the biennial RSV cycle in Croatia cannot be explained by a difference in the predominant circulating subtype of RSV. Other unknown factors account for the biennial cycle of RSV epidemics in Croatia.

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Examining strain diversity and phylogeography in relation to an unusual epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a long-term refugee camp in Kenya

Examining strain diversity and phylogeography in relation to an unusual epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a long-term refugee camp in Kenya

Seasonal Occurrence of Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Croatia

A study of the genetic variability of human respiratory syncytial virus in Croatia, 2006–2008

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