Analysis of Bacillus spp. in the diet and feces of laboratory mice under barrier-housing and non-sterile conditions

Морозова, М. В.; Kalmykova, G. V.; Akulova, N. I.; Litvinova, Ekaterina A.

doi:10.29296/2618723x-2021-03-02

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…As a result, we found several colonies related to Bacillus spp. by morphological characterization (a more detailed study of the diet was published earlier [ 32 ]). Analysis of bacterial colonies of Bacillus spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from the non-autoclaved diet has shown 4.43 ± 0.41 × 10 3 CFU per gram ( Figure 2 A), which, according to morphological characterization, can be attributed to the genus Bacillus [ 33 ]. Microscopic examination of bacterial colonies showed that all bacteria in the colonies are oblong and form oblong spores (a more detailed study of the diet was published earlier [ 32 ]). We did not find bacterial growth in the autoclaved diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the diet, the total number of Bacillus spores was at the level of 10 3 –10 4 CFU/g. Previously, it had been shown that only 3 of 13 strains (about 20%) from the diet exhibited lecithinase activity, a trait of B. cereus [ 32 ]. Therefore, presence of toxic strains in the diet is not enough to cause toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoclaved Diet with Inactivated Spores of Bacillus spp. Decreased Reproductive Performance of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− Mice

Морозова¹,

Kalmykova

Akulova

et al. 2022

Animals

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Within barrier facilities, autoclaved diet and bedding are used for husbandry of laboratory rodents. Bacillus spp. are ubiquitous in nature and some of them are known as probiotics. Inactivation of the Bacillus spores and reduction of the diet nutritional value due to autoclavation could be especially critical for immunodeficient mice. We studied the effect of the autoclaved and non-autoclaved diets on the reproductive performance and the age of prolapse manifestation in Muc2−/− mice with impaired gut barrier function and, therefore, sensitive to change of microbiota. We found that the non-autoclaved diet led to enhancement of the fertility index of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− female mice. The non-autoclaved diet affected the prolapse of Muc2−/− mice that occurred later in comparison with females eating the autoclaved diet. We showed that Bacillus spp. was present in the non-autoclaved diet and feces of mice on the non-autoclaved diet. Bacterial strains of the non-autoclaved diet and feces belonged to B. amyloliquefaciens, B. thuringiensis, B. subtilis, Lysinibacillus macrolides, B. cereus, and other representatives of Bacillus spp. Moreover, autoclavation of the diet affected on the percent of the blood and spleen immune cells, the bacterial composition of the intestine, and increased the level of methionine in the thigh muscle of mice. Enhanced reproductive performance and delayed prolapse manifestation in Muc2−/− mice could be due to improved digestion, as Bacillus spp. from diet and feces had enzymatic activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autoclaved Diet with Inactivated Spores of Bacillus spp. Decreased Reproductive Performance of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− Mice

Морозова¹,

Kalmykova

Akulova

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Bacillus spp. are present in laboratory diets for animals and can influence reproductive rates [41][42] . It was found that adding spores B. subtilis BS20 to the nonautoclaved diet had a higher effect on restoring normal behavior in Muc2 +/+ mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the bacteria Bacillus spp. are allochthonous, they are constantly present in small amounts in the diet of laboratory mice [41,42] . Since Bacillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalization of Deviant Behavior in Muc2+/+ Mice through Dietary Incorporation of Bacillus subtilis Spores

Morozova,

Alekseev,

Saeidi

et al. 2023

Prog Micobes Mol Biol

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It is well-known that the intestinal microbiota influences the host's health, including the activities of the central nervous system. This phenomenon is known as the brain-gut axis. Mental and emotional disorders are now fairly widespread. Many of them are lifelong, and medications frequently cause side effects. Not surprisingly, researchers have been drawn to the study of probiotic bacterial cultures as an adjunct or primary therapy for psycho-emotional illnesses. There is a lot of evidence that bacterial strains from the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus have a favorable influence on the activities of the central nervous system. However, the effect of Bacillus spp. on the behavior is not clearly known. In contrast to Muc2-/-, the wild type mice (Muc2+/+) have normal gut barrier function, but the intestinal microbiota and behavior are similar to their mutant siblings Muc2-/- mice. Similar to the mutant sibling, Muc2+/+mice exhibit greater locomotor activity in the open field and light-dark tests, as well as decreased anxiety in the open field test, light-dark test, and marble burying tests. The addition of kanamycin-resistant strain Bacillus subtilis BS20 spores to the diet of Muc2+/+ mice for 3 weeks at 107 CFU/g led to a change in behavior and cytokine levels in the gut compared to control C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, a drop in serotonin and a rise in tyrosine were identified in the blood serum. Changes in cytokines, serotonin, and tyrosine levels may mediate the normalizing impact of B. subtilis spores on Muc2+/+ mice behavior.

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Effect of the Bacillus subtilis BS20 on physiological and immune parameters in mutant mice Muc2–/–

Morozova,

Korkina,

Makarova

et al. 2024

Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology

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Introduction. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common pathology that cannot be completely cured and requires lifelong therapy. One of the promising and sparing therapeutic strategies is the use of probiotics. Unlike Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which represent the basis of most classical probiotics, Bacillus spp. are spore-forming bacteria that contributes to their resistance to the acidic environment of the stomach. It has been shown that the bacteria Bacillus spp. is an effective therapeutic drug for the relief of intestinal diseases with signs of inflammation and bacterial origin. Since the main factors causing IBD are dysbiosis and inflammation, and strains of Bacillus spp. as probiotics can be potential modulators of immunity and influence the intestinal microbiome, it is necessary to search for new strains of probiotic bacteria, including representatives of Bacillus spp., which have an effect on immunity and physiological indicators in experimental models of IBD. The aim of the scientific research — to study the effect of Bacillus subtilis BS20 spores on the physiological and immune parameters of the mutant mouse line Muc2–/–. Research objectives: Investigate survival of Muc2–/– mice, weight, immune parameters (cytokines and immune cells) and amino acid composition of muscles. Materials and methods. Muc2–/– females were fed spores of Bacillus subtilis BS20 in the amount of 109 CFU for 2 months. Analysis of the amino acid composition of the femoral muscle was performed by capillary electrophoresis. The concentration of cytokines in the supernatant was measured using the Magnetic Luminex assay kit. Determination of the number of lymphocytes was performed by flow cytometry. Results. The addition of Bacillus subtilis BS20 to the diet of mice reduced mortality and body weight loss in Muc2–/– females. We found a decrease in interleukin-6 and an increase in interleukin-17 in the descending colon and an increase in B and T helper lymphocytes in the spleen. Conclusion. B. subtilis BS20 improves the general condition of Muc2–/– mutant mice, has an anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating effect, reducing the level of the cytokine interleukin-6 and increasing the percentage of B cells and T helper cells in the spleen.

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Analysis of Bacillus spp. in the diet and feces of laboratory mice under barrier-housing and non-sterile conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Autoclaved Diet with Inactivated Spores of Bacillus spp. Decreased Reproductive Performance of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− Mice

Autoclaved Diet with Inactivated Spores of Bacillus spp. Decreased Reproductive Performance of Muc2−/− and Muc2+/− Mice

Normalization of Deviant Behavior in Muc2+/+ Mice through Dietary Incorporation of Bacillus subtilis Spores

Effect of the Bacillus subtilis BS20 on physiological and immune parameters in mutant mice Muc2–/–

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