Analysis of autapomorphic point mutations provides a key for the tangled taxonomic distinction of the closely related species, Euplotes crassus, E. minuta and E. vannus (Ciliophora, Euplotida)

Giuseppe, Graziano Di; Dini, Fernando; Erra, Fabrizio; Luporini, Pierangelo; Vallesi, Adriana

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125917

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Plagiotomids belong to the class Spirotrichea, which has a ‘high-multiple (open)’ type. This mating system strongly favors cross-mating phenomena, causing the genetic boundaries between species living in sympatry to be relaxed (e.g., Nobili et al, 1978 ; Valbonesi et al, 1988 ; Kuhlmann and Sato, 1993 ; Di Guiseppe et al, 2022 ). On the other hand, astomes and hysterocinetids belong to the class Oligohymenophorea whose mating system is ‘low-multiple (closed)’ ( Orias et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular evidence of hybridization in endosymbiotic ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora)

Obert

Zhang²,

Rurik³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Hybridization is an important evolutionary process that can fuel diversification via formation of hybrid species or can lead to fusion of previously separated lineages by forming highly diverse species complexes. We provide here the first molecular evidence of hybridization in wild populations of ciliates, a highly diverse group of free-living and symbiotic eukaryotic microbes. The impact of hybridization was studied on the model of Plagiotoma, an obligate endosymbiont of the digestive tube of earthworms, using split decomposition analyses and species networks, 2D modeling of the nuclear rRNA molecules and compensatory base change analyses as well as multidimensional morphometrics. Gene flow slowed down and eventually hampered the diversification of Lumbricus-dwelling plagiotomids, which collapsed into a single highly variable biological entity, the P. lumbrici complex. Disruption of the species boundaries was suggested also by the continuum of morphological variability in the phenotypic space. On the other hand, hybridization conspicuously increased diversity in the nuclear rDNA cistron and somewhat weakened the host structural specificity of the P. lumbrici complex, whose members colonize a variety of phylogenetically closely related anecic and epigeic earthworms. By contrast, another recorded species, P. aporrectodeae sp. n., showed no signs of introgression, no variability in the rDNA cistron, and very high host specificity. These contrasting eco-evolutionary patterns indicate that hybridization might decrease the alpha-diversity by dissolving species boundaries, weaken the structural host specificity by broadening ecological amplitudes, and increase the nuclear rDNA variability by overcoming concerted evolution within the P. lumbrici species complex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First molecular evidence of hybridization in endosymbiotic ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora)

Obert

Zhang²,

Rurik³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…DNA was prepared, following a standard protocol [ 1 , 2 ], from E. crassus cultures previously deprived of food for 2 days and resuspended in fresh seawater for 1 day. Amplifications were run in a GeneAmp 9700 thermal cycler (PE Applied Biosystems) following a standard program (30s 94°C, 40s 58°C, 60s 72°C for 35 cycles), and using oligonucleotides synthesized by Invitrogen (Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA).…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new dataset of pheromone and pheromone-gene structures from the ciliate, Euplotes crassus

et al. 2023

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Analysis of autapomorphic point mutations provides a key for the tangled taxonomic distinction of the closely related species, Euplotes crassus, E. minuta and E. vannus (Ciliophora, Euplotida)

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

First molecular evidence of hybridization in endosymbiotic ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora)

First molecular evidence of hybridization in endosymbiotic ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora)

A new dataset of pheromone and pheromone-gene structures from the ciliate, Euplotes crassus

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