Analysis of Aluminum Hydroxyphosphate Vaccine Adjuvants by 27Al MAS NMR

Klein, James D.; Ushio, Misti; Burrell, Lana S.; Wenslow, Bob; Hem, Stanley L.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6017(200003)89:3<311::aid-jps3>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Figure a shows the NMR spectra of three different hybrid materials all subjected to 120 h of sulfonation but containing initially varying amounts of hydrotalcite (for all three materials we used a similar sample amount, ∼75 mg). Figure a clearly indicates the presence in all three materials of the octahedral structure of aluminum hydroxide (∼0 ppm). , Aluminum hydroxide is known to form an almost perfect octahedral complex of Al(H 2 O) 6 3+ surrounded by water molecules . As Figure a indicates, as the initial HT fraction increases so does the Al octahedral complex peak, as expected.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Hybrid Hydrotalcite−Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Cation-Exchange Membranes Prepared by in situ Sulfonation

Kim

Sahimi

Tsotsis

2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC), which operate using methanol as a fuel, are attracting considerable attention recently. However, DMFC face a major technical hurdle, namely, methanol crossover through the polymer electrolyte membrane. For example, the commercial Nafion membranes, in addition to being expensive, also often allow more than 40% of the methanol to be lost through crossover during fuel cell operation. Our study’s goal, therefore, was to develop a new, cost-effective membrane with superior methanol barrier properties to Nafion but which also maintains reasonable proton conductivity. We have prepared membranes by in situ sulfonation of hybrid poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) and hydrotalcite (HT) films. These composite HT−SPEEK polymer membranes show high conductivity and low methanol diffusivity and are comparable in their performance with commercial Nafion membranes. Their properties depend strongly on the sulfonation reaction time and the fraction of hydrotalcite contained in the original polymer film prior to its sulfonation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Hybrid Hydrotalcite−Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Cation-Exchange Membranes Prepared by in situ Sulfonation

Kim

Sahimi

Tsotsis

2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…It is expected that future comparative studies would be designed such that data could support selection of the right adjuvant. Novel adjuvants will be continually searched and evaluated, but their successes will be based on our further understanding of the interactions between human body and foreign microorganisms on a molecular level [460][461][462][463]. Ideally, such adjuvants would offer earlier, robust and durable immunity with less adverse events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Wang¹,

Singh²

2011

WJV

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“…H 2 PO À 4 þ AlðOHÞ 3 ðsÞ þ H þ ! AlPO 4 ðsÞ þ H 2 O ðsumÞ At low solution P concentrations (< 1 mg L À1 ) in the pH range 4-6, precipitation of non-crystalline Al hydroxy phosphate compounds, including Al 3 (OH) 3 (PO 4 ) 3 (Goldshmid & Rubin, 1988) and other amorphous precipitates with varying stoichiometry (Klein et al, 2000), is favored over the precipitation of AlPO 4 (Goldshmid & Rubin, 1988). Also the precipitation of amorphous Al hydroxy phosphate is associated with H + consumption:…”

Section: Major Processes Of P Retention By Different Soil Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference spectra of important adsorbed organic and inorganic phosphate binding forms for soil P speciation using synchrotron-basedK-edge XANES spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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Direct speciation of soil phosphorus (P) by linear combination fitting (LCF) of P K-edge XANES spectra requires a standard set of spectra representing all major P species supposed to be present in the investigated soil. Here, available spectra of free- and cation-bound inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP), representing organic P, and of Fe, Al and Ca phosphate minerals are supplemented with spectra of adsorbed P binding forms. First, various soil constituents assumed to be potentially relevant for P sorption were compared with respect to their retention efficiency for orthophosphate and IHP at P levels typical for soils. Then, P K-edge XANES spectra for orthophosphate and IHP retained by the most relevant constituents were acquired. The spectra were compared with each other as well as with spectra of Ca, Al or Fe orthophosphate and IHP precipitates. Orthophosphate and IHP were retained particularly efficiently by ferrihydrite, boehmite, Al-saturated montmorillonite and Al-saturated soil organic matter (SOM), but far less efficiently by hematite, Ca-saturated montmorillonite and Ca-saturated SOM. P retention by dolomite was negligible. Calcite retained a large portion of the applied IHP, but no orthophosphate. The respective P K-edge XANES spectra of orthophosphate and IHP adsorbed to ferrihydrite, boehmite, Al-saturated montmorillonite and Al-saturated SOM differ from each other. They also are different from the spectra of amorphous FePO4, amorphous or crystalline AlPO4, Ca phosphates and free IHP. Inclusion of reference spectra of orthophosphate as well as IHP adsorbed to P-retaining soil minerals in addition to spectra of free or cation-bound IHP, AlPO4, FePO4 and Ca phosphate minerals in linear combination fitting exercises results in improved fit quality and a more realistic soil P speciation. A standard set of P K-edge XANES spectra of the most relevant adsorbed P binding forms in soils is presented.

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Analysis of Aluminum Hydroxyphosphate Vaccine Adjuvants by 27Al MAS NMR

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Hybrid Hydrotalcite−Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Cation-Exchange Membranes Prepared by in situ Sulfonation

Hybrid Hydrotalcite−Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Cation-Exchange Membranes Prepared by in situ Sulfonation

Selection of Adjuvants for Enhanced Vaccine Potency

Reference spectra of important adsorbed organic and inorganic phosphate binding forms for soil P speciation using synchrotron-basedK-edge XANES spectroscopy

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