Analysis of agglomerate size from burning aluminized AP/RDX/HTPB propellants in quench bomb

Liu, Tai-Kang; Hsieh, Chi-Fa

doi:10.2514/3.24133

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In [24], it was found that the agglomerate size decreased considerably at a rather short distance from the burning surface and then remained almost unchanged. Thus, at p = 2.3 MPa, for a quenching distance of 7 mm, the size D 43 was equal to 510 µm, and for distances of 17-77 mm, D 43 = 338-405 µm.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 90%

“…For E12 and R propellants, the agglomerate size is on the average larger than that for the nitraminebased propellants in [22][23][24], where D 43 = 190-510 µm. However, in [21][22][23][24], the propellants contained the inert binder hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), whereas the propellants used in the present study contained an energetic binder based on polybutadiene nitrile rubber plasticized with diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN). It has been established [32] that the nature of the binder can have a significant effect on agglomeration.…”

Section: Agglomeration Scenario and Agglomerate Sizementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Another feature that distinguishes the propellant formulations in the present study from that in [21][22][23][24] is the large mass fraction (35%) of coarse nitramine (D 10 ≈ 490 µm for HMX and D 10 ≈ 380 µm for RDX). Therefore, one might expect that the combustion of E12 and R propellants would involve severe agglomeration, but its quantitative characteristics and their change due to the replacement of HMX by RDX cannot be predicted without experiments.…”

Section: Agglomeration Scenario and Agglomerate Sizementioning

confidence: 97%

“…We give some data of [24], where the evolution of burning agglomerates of a propellant consisting of 49.5% AP, 21.4% of RDX, 12% HTPB, and 17% Al was studied using a sampling bomb with a rotated drum [35]. In [24], the sample diameter was 6.28 mm, the sample length was 10 mm, and the experiments were performed with changes in pressure (2.3 or 7 MPa), aluminum particle size (7, 17 or 30 µm), and particle quenching distance (7, 17, .…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [24], the sample diameter was 6.28 mm, the sample length was 10 mm, and the experiments were performed with changes in pressure (2.3 or 7 MPa), aluminum particle size (7, 17 or 30 µm), and particle quenching distance (7, 17, . .…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. IV. Effect of the nature of nitramines on aluminum agglomeration and combustion efficiency

Глотов

2006

Combust Explos Shock Waves

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The condensed combustion products of two model propellants consisting of ammonium perchlorate, aluminum, nitramine, and an energetic binder were studied by a sampling method. One of the propellants contained HMX with a particle size D 10 ≈ 490 µm, and the other RDX with a particle size D 10 ≈ 380 µm. The particle-size distribution and the content of metallic aluminum in particles of condensed combustion products with a particle size of 1.2 µm to the maximum particle size in the pressure range of 0.1-6.5 MPa were determined with variation in the particle quenching distance from the burning surface to 100 mm. For agglomerates, dependences of the incompleteness of aluminum combustion on the residence time in the propellant flame were obtained. The RDX-based propellant is characterized by more severe agglomeration than the HMX-based propellant -the agglomerate size and mass are larger and the aluminum burnout proceeds more slowly. The ratio of the mass of the oxide accumulated on the agglomerates to the total mass of the oxide formed is determined. The agglomerate size is shown to be the main physical factor that governs the accumulation of the oxide on the burning agglomerate.

show abstract

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Agglomeration Scenario and Agglomerate Sizementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Agglomeration Scenario and Agglomerate Sizementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. IV. Effect of the nature of nitramines on aluminum agglomeration and combustion efficiency

Глотов

2006

Combust Explos Shock Waves

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Aluminum particle agglomeration characteristics and suppression method during the combustion of aluminum‐based solid propellants: A review

Liao,

Pei,

Xie

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aluminum is widely used in solid rocket propellants to improve the energy performance of the propellant. However, during propellant combustion, aluminum particles may agglomerate, resulting in slag deposition, incomplete combustion of metal particles, increased two‐phase flow losses, and reduced motor specific impulse. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and engineering value to understand the agglomeration mechanism of aluminum particles and to explore the method of agglomeration suppression. Based on this, this paper firstly briefly introduced the agglomeration process of aluminum particles during propellant combustion. Subsequently, factors influencing the agglomeration of aluminium particles were analysed. The influencing factors can be roughly divided into two aspects: propellant‘s own formulation and external environment. Immediately afterwards, the existing agglomeration suppression methods were emphasized and summarized and analyzed. Presently, agglomeration suppression methods can be broadly classified into four categories, namely, conventional formulation optimization, use of aluminum nanoparticles, and modification of aluminum particles using fluorine‐containing compounds or alloy particles. Finally, several directions that need to be focused on in the future are proposed to address the problems in the study of aluminum particle agglomeration suppression methods.

show abstract

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. II. evolution of particles with distance from the burning surface

Глотов

2000

Combust Explos Shock Waves

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of agglomerate size from burning aluminized AP/RDX/HTPB propellants in quench bomb

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. IV. Effect of the nature of nitramines on aluminum agglomeration and combustion efficiency

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. IV. Effect of the nature of nitramines on aluminum agglomeration and combustion efficiency

Aluminum particle agglomeration characteristics and suppression method during the combustion of aluminum‐based solid propellants: A review

Condensed combustion products of aluminized propellants. II. evolution of particles with distance from the burning surface

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About