Analysis of adaptive multi-rate FSO/RF hybrid systems using Málaga-ℳ distribution model in turbulent channels

Aghaei, Mohammad Reza; Hemmatyar, Ali Mohammad Afshin; Chamanmotlagh, Abolfazl; Fouladian, Majid

doi:10.1080/09500340.2020.1814434

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Compared to the conventional fixed-rate design, a considerable enhancement of ARQ performance in adaptive multi-rate hybrid FSO/RF systems was confirmed [66], [67]. Besides the popular Gamma-Gamma model for FSO turbulence channel [66], [67], the Malaga distribution model is also used [75]. This comprehensive model for a wide range of turbulence conditions offers a more accurate SW-ARQ protocol performance estimation in adaptive multi-rate hybrid FSO/RF systems.…”

Section: B Arq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Driven by the potential of a hybrid FSO/RF system, there have been several studies on the performance evaluation of ARQ protocols for such system [66], [67], [71], [75]. It is worth noting that the challenge on the design of ARQ protocols for hybrid FSO/RF systems comes from the fact that the corresponding data rate in the RF channel is slower than that in the main FSO link.…”

Section: B Arq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Sliding window protocols, including GBN-ARQ and SR-ARQ, which have been recently investigated in pointto-point terrestrial FSO systems [34], [72], [73], were shown the potential for high-speed FSO communications by promising obtained results. • Many studies showed exciting results to confirm the effectiveness of FSO communication systems integrating the design of adaptive multi-rate schemes and ARQ protocols, e.g., point-to-point terrestrial [33], [34] and hybrid FSO/RF [67], [75] systems. • The SR-ARQ protocol, thanks to offering higher achievable throughput performance than other variants, was widely applied for long-distance communications of satellite/aerial as well as deep space systems.…”

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Le¹

2022

Preprint

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Free-space optical (FSO) communications have gained significant interest over the last few years, thanks to the capability to transport extremely high-speed data over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication is widely considered in various network scenarios, such as inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, or terrestrial links. It is expected to be a key enabling technology for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.

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Section: B Arq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: B Arq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Le¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Driven by the potential of hybrid FSO/RF systems, several studies addressed the performance of ARQ protocols in such systems [59], [63], [66], [76]. The challenge on the design of ARQ protocols for hybrid FSO/RF systems comes from the fact that the corresponding data rate in the RF channel is slower than that in the main FSO link.…”

Section: M-c-arq Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many existing studies of ARQ protocol, the SW mechanism is often used thanks to its analysis simplicity. Notably, the performance of the SW-ARQ protocol was analyzed in adaptive multi-rate hybrid FSO/RF systems using the linkswitching scheme [59], [66], [76]. In the design of ARQ protocol handling one frame at a time, its frame size is adjusted accordingly to transmission modes with different data rates to satisfy a predefined link-layer FER.…”

Section: M-c-arq Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Pham

2022

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself capable of delivering high-speed data services over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication can be considered in different network scenarios, including inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, and terrestrial links. It is expected to be one of the key enabling technologies for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and linklayer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on errorcontrol solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-ofthe-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deepspace systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.

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Analysis of the influence of atmospheric turbulence on modulating retro-reflector optical communication

Xie

Wang

et al. 2022

Journal of Modern Optics

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Analysis of adaptive multi-rate FSO/RF hybrid systems using Málaga-ℳ distribution model in turbulent channels

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Analysis of the influence of atmospheric turbulence on modulating retro-reflector optical communication

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