Analysis of accidents caused by human factors in the oil and gas industry using the HFACS-OGI framework

Nwankwo, Chizaram; Arewa, Andrew; Theophilus, Stephen C.; Esenowo, Victor Nsikan

doi:10.1080/10803548.2021.1916238

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The accident network topology is similar to the one for refineries and all oil & gas CIs combined. Quantified by a globally comprehensive data source, our results confirm the existing literature that most accidents are due to human errors [ 38 , 40 – 42 ] but also that fire, explosion, and toxic release are the major hazards in the industry [ 43 , 44 ], as well as the main sources for further domino effects [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Several terms were also shortened to improve graph readability: ’Spill / Release / Leakage’ to Release (which can be toxic and/or inflammable), ’Rupture / Crack / Break Up’ to Rupture, ’Overflow / Overfitting / Overload’ to Overload, ’Asphyxiation / Gas Poisoning / Suffocating’ to Gas Poisoning, ’Sprayed / Sprinkled / Wetted’ to Sprayed, and ’Crushed / Pushed / Pinned’ to Crushed. It should be noted that ENSAD does not provide detailed causal factors for human errors, in contrast to the ones provided in the HFACS-OGI framework [ 38 ]. This is due to the lack of information retrievable for some accidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of severe accidents in the oil & gas energy sector derived from the authoritative ENergy-related severe accident database

et al. 2022

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Organized into a global network of critical infrastructures, the oil & gas industry remains to this day the main energy contributor to the world’s economy. Severe accidents occasionally occur resulting in fatalities and disruption. We build an oil & gas accident graph based on more than a thousand severe accidents for the period 1970–2016 recorded for refineries, tankers, and gas networks in the authoritative ENergy-related Severe Accident Database (ENSAD). We explore the distribution of potential chains-of-events leading to severe accidents by combining graph theory, Markov analysis and catastrophe dynamics. Using centrality measures, we first verify that human error is consistently the main source of accidents and that explosion, fire, toxic release, and element rupture are the principal sinks, but also the main catalysts for accident amplification. Second, we quantify the space of possible chains-of-events using the concept of fundamental matrix and rank them by defining a likelihood-based importance measure γ. We find that chains of up to five events can play a significant role in severe accidents, consisting of feedback loops of the aforementioned events but also of secondary events not directly identifiable from graph topology and yet participating in the most likely chains-of-events.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of severe accidents in the oil & gas energy sector derived from the authoritative ENergy-related severe accident database

et al. 2022

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“…Level 5 9 (11%) [5] 30 (6%) [5] -Level 4 34 (43%) [1] 192 (40%) [1] 391 (25%) [3] Level 3 11 (14%) [3] 129 (27%) [2] 270 (17%) [4] Level 2 16 (20%) [2] 66 (14%) [3] 466 (30%) [1] Level 1 10 (13%) [4] 66 (14%) [3] 416 (27%) [2] Number of contributing factor 80 483 1543…”

Section: Hfacs Ogi Ogapi Csmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1979, a nuclear meltdown caused by a nuclear accident at the Three Miles Island resulted in the evacuation of 100,000 residents 3 . The Piper Alpha accident in 1988 killed 167 people 4 . An explosion at a BP Texas City refinery in 2005 killed 15 people and injured 180 people 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human factor analysis and classification system for the oil, gas, and process industry

Yang

Kwon

2022

Process Safety Progress

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Human error can cause severe problems in industrial oil, gas, and chemical processes. Although human factors analysis and classification systems (HFACSs) for the oil and gas industry (HFACS-OGI) and the small-scale chemical industry (HFACS-CSMEs) have been independently developed, there are some limitations in providing detailed information on the contributing factors. Therefore, a new HFACS must be developed that can be commonly applied to the oil, gas, and chemical fields. This paper develops an integrated HFACS that can be applied to the oil, gas, chemical, and power plants, called HFACS-OGAPI, by analyzing 45 accidents that occurred in domestic and overseas oil, gas, chemical, and power plants, based on the HFACS-OGI system. An integrated HFACS-OGAPI that can be applied to the oil, gas, chemical, and power plants is developed. The framework effectively identifies the contributing factors by providing specific information on Tiers 1, 2, 3, and 4 for Levels 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The contributing factors are effectively identified by analyzing the BP Texas Refinery explosion (2005), the Kleen Energy natural gas explosion (2010), and the Aghorn Operating Waterflood Station accidents (2019) with the developed framework. A checklist suitable for the HFACS-OGAPI is developed by considering the contents developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Defense to determine the contributing factors. The developed checklist is expected to effectively identify and improve on the causes of human error through periodic inspection.

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“…This problem is especially relevant for the long-term operation of wells. The human factor has been identified as the most common cause of catastrophic accidents in the oil and gas industry [4]. However, there are threats that are relatively independent of human impact, for example, the destruction of casing strings due to landslides [5,6] or the collapse of deep wells built in unstable formations such as mudstones, bischofites, shales and layers of plastic mineral salt [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Casing String Curvature Due to Displacement of Surface Strata

et al. 2022

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One of the main problems of well operation is the risk of uncontrolled leakage of hydrocarbons into the environment. This problem is especially relevant for the long-term operation of wells. The idea for this study was inspired by a real industrial problem that the authors of the article were involved in solving. At several operating gas wells, an abnormal slope of the production tree occurred, which raised the question of the safety of their further operation. An analysis of known studies and current regulatory documents did not allow us to assess the safety of using a gas well based on the measured kinematic parameters of production tree deviations. A mathematical model for the deformation of a package of casing strings when the surface layer of the rock is displaced is developed in the article. A boundary value problem is formulated for differential equations of pipe bending on an elastic foundation. Based on the results of solving this problem, an unambiguous relationship was established between the maximum bending stress in the surface pipe and the angle of inclination of the production tree. The quantitative characteristics of the connection depend on the geometric and mechanical properties of the pipes and on the thickness and mechanical parameters of the formations. It was established that the existing inclination of the production tree can be achieved due to the beginning of the plastic bending of the surface pipe under the slickenside, which does not exclude the exhaustion of the safety margin of the surface pipe and indicates the possible operation of the casing string in a pre-emergency state. In general, the obtained results develop analytical approaches to assessing the behavior of underground structures of a production well in unstable soil bodies.

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Analysis of accidents caused by human factors in the oil and gas industry using the HFACS-OGI framework

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Dynamics of severe accidents in the oil & gas energy sector derived from the authoritative ENergy-related severe accident database

Dynamics of severe accidents in the oil & gas energy sector derived from the authoritative ENergy-related severe accident database

Human factor analysis and classification system for the oil, gas, and process industry

Mechanism of Casing String Curvature Due to Displacement of Surface Strata

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