Analysis of a Curved Multi-Layer Radome Using a Flat Model and the Ray Tracing Technique

Shin, Hokeun; Yoon, Daeyeong; Choi, Kyunghan; Jung, Il‐Won; Park, Yong Bae

doi:10.1007/s42835-020-00364-2

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…To evaluate the EM performance of the FSS radomeenclosed antenna system, we use the ray tracing technique and the flat model proposed in [8]. In the high-frequency regime, the curved radome can be looked locally flat based on the tangent plane approximation (it is valid when the wavelength is short since phase matching happens locally, and the law of reflection, transmission, and Snell's law are satisfied approximately.).…”

Section: A Far-field Calculation Of Fss Radome-enclosed Antenna Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been various numerical or experimental works to study the EM properties of radome-enclosed antenna systems. For example, homogenous [3] and inhomogeneous [4] planar and tangent-ogive [5][6][7][8] and Von Karman [9][10][11] dielectric radomes were investigated. Optimization methods were utilized for enhanced dielectric radomes [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Based on the ray tracing technique and flat model [8], we calculate TL and BSE of the curved FSS radome for various degrees of freedom, including elevation/azimuth angular scanning and gimbal systems of the antenna. Using a commercial EM solver (ANSYS HFSS [31]), we extract the reflection and transmission coefficients and IPD of the FSS layer at a given incident angle for parallel and perpendicular polarizations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The base diameter and height of the radome are 800 mm and 1060 mm, respectively, and the radome is equipped with a metallic tip, which can be regarded as a perfect electric conductor (PEC) in the microwave regime. Here, we consider the same waveguide slot array antenna (112 radiating elements) used in [8]. The antenna is fixed to a gimbal system to facilitate the scanning purpose, separated from the radome base by = 200 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Transmission Loss and Boresight Error of a Curved FSS Radome-Enclosed Antenna

Shin

Yoon

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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In this paper, we numerically study a curved frequency selective surface (FSS) radome, which encloses a waveguide slot array antenna operating at 10GHz, using the ray tracing technique and flat model. The transmission loss (TL) and boresight error (BSE) are calculated for various degrees of freedom, such as elevation and azimuth angular scanning or gimbal systems of array antennas to examine the electromagnetic properties of the curved FSS radome. Our calculations of radiation patterns, TL, and BSE for a multi-layered dielectric radome are compared with those of a commercial EM solver for validation. Importantly, we quantify phase distortions, incurred by the curved FSS radome, using the insertion phase delay (IPD) of transmitted fields on the radome surface. Thereby, we demonstrate that the BSEs strongly depend on (1) the spatial distribution of phase distortions on the radome surface and (2) their average level. The present method is highly suited for analyzing radomes with arbitrary surface patterns inserted.INDEX TERMS Frequency selective surface (FSS), FSS radome, insertion phase delay (IPD), phase distortion, boresight error (BSE), ray tracing technique

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Section: A Far-field Calculation Of Fss Radome-enclosed Antenna Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Analysis of Transmission Loss and Boresight Error of a Curved FSS Radome-Enclosed Antenna

Shin

Yoon

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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“…In this paper, the RCS of an aircraft equipped with a tangential FSS radome, which is a curved hash-shaped slot FSS unit cell built into a multi-layered radome, was analyzed. Using a hybrid approach using both full-wave and high-frequency methods, we utilize the flat model and SBR method [27], [30] to describe the scattered EM fields inside the aircraft based on ray physics. Furthermore, we consider diffraction fields generated at edges of the aircraft via physical theory of diffraction (PTD) [1] to improve the accuracy of the present method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Radome Cross Section of an Aircraft Equipped With a FSS Radome

Shin

Yoon

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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We study the radar cross section (RCS) property of an aircraft considering the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of a frequency selective surface (FSS) radome, mounted on the aircraft. Instead of full-wave methods, we utilize high-frequency methods, such as the shooting and bouncing rays (SBR), physical theory of diffraction (PTD), and flat model, taking a significant computational efficiency. Based on the developed algorithm, we analyze monostatic and bistatic RCSs of the aircraft equipped with either singleand multi-layer dielectric, FSS, or PEC radomes in terms of frequency and polarization. Our calculations are validated by comparing with those of the commercial EM simulator with significant computational efficiency. The present numerical study indicates that including the radome EM characteristics into the overall aircraft RCS study is crucial for the accurate RCS estimate INDEX TERMS Frequency selective surface (FSS), FSS radome, radar cross section (RCS), shooting and bouncing rays (SBR), physical theory of diffraction (PTD), flat model.

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Efficient Radiation Pattern Estimation of Slot Array Antennas Covered With Frequency Selective Surfaces Using Deterministic Ray Tracing

et al. 2023

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In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to compute the radiation pattern of a slot array antenna covered with frequency selective surfaces (FSS) based on ray tracing technique. We observed that the proposed algorithm could greatly reduce computational resources while yielding accurate numerical solution, compared with cases taking standard full-wave and conventional high-frequency approaches (summarized in Table I). The underlying principle is to combine the image method and physical optics technique. More specifically, the proposed algorithm (i) employs a boundary box that encloses the slot array antenna with FSS to correct phase errors and then (ii) calculates equivalent surface currents flowing on the boundary box. The surface of the boundary box is discretized by regular grids (or boundary meshes) and a ray path reaching each square cell in the boundary meshes is determined based on the image method. After collecting all the rays hitting the boundary meshes, equivalent surface current densities can be computed for the resulting radiation pattern. The proposed algorithm is suited best for dealing with electrically large structures much more efficiently and can advance the existing design process.INDEX TERMS Ray tracing, Image method, Radome, Array antenna, Frequency selective surface (FSS).

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Analysis of a Curved Multi-Layer Radome Using a Flat Model and the Ray Tracing Technique

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of Transmission Loss and Boresight Error of a Curved FSS Radome-Enclosed Antenna

Analysis of Transmission Loss and Boresight Error of a Curved FSS Radome-Enclosed Antenna

Analysis of Radome Cross Section of an Aircraft Equipped With a FSS Radome

Efficient Radiation Pattern Estimation of Slot Array Antennas Covered With Frequency Selective Surfaces Using Deterministic Ray Tracing

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