Analysis of 78 Patients With Spinal Injuries in the 2008 Sichuan, China, Earthquake

Chen, Rigao; Song, Yong; Kong, Qingquan; Zhou, Chunguang; Liu, Limin

doi:10.3928/01477447-20090501-01

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This finding is similar to that of the studies on the neurosurgical complications during the previous earthquakes 310 11 12 In studies performed after the Sichuan, China earthquake in 2008, 40-55% of the patients with spinal injuries were reported to suffer from lumbar involvement 1011 12 Interestingly, in a similar report after Yushu, China earthquake in 2010, Li and colleagues detected lumbar fracture in almost 70% of the patients with spinal fractures 3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spinal Injuries in the 2012 Twin Earthquakes, Northwest Iran

et al. 2013

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On 11 August 2012, twin earthquakes measured 6.3 and 6.4 on the Richter scale hit three towns (Ahar, Varzaqan, and Heris) in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran resulting in tragic loss of three hundred lives and leaving thousands of injured. The aim of the present study was to report the spinal injuries during recent earthquake in northwest Iran, its consequences and management. Of the 923 hospitalized patients, 26 (2.8%) had neurosurgical complications. The imaging and clinical data of the patients were retrospectively studied regarding the anatomical location of the injury, the severity of spinal injury and associated neurological deficit. To further analyze the findings, Magerl (AO) and Frankel's classifications were used. The injuries without any fracture were considered as minor spinal injuries. The mean age of the patients was 44.54±22.52 (range: 5-88) years. We detected a total of 38 vertebral injuries including 24 major (63.15%) and 14 minor injuries (36.85%). The most common injuries were observed in the lumbar spine (19 injuries, 50%). The 24 major injuries chiefly included Magerl type A (14 injuries, 58.3%). According to the Frankel's classification, majority of the patients (88.46%) had no neurological deficit. In this study, three patients had nerve injuries. In conclusion, the number and proportion of spinal fractures patients in the recent twin earthquakes, northwest Iran was limited and caused less nerve injuries compared to the previous similar disasters. This might be due to the milder earthquake consequences since the incident happened in the middle of the day when men were working their fields. Potential complications in patients traumatized in earthquake incidents should be monitored for and early assessment of the neurological function is required to prioritize care for the victims.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spinal Injuries in the 2012 Twin Earthquakes, Northwest Iran

et al. 2013

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“…The most important factors predicting the extent of recovery are the primary neurological state, location of injury within the spinal cord, trauma mechanism, vertebral fracture type and location, and patient age [34567]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chances of neurological recovery and improvement are different in different patients and depend on various factors, including primary neurological state, trauma mechanism, vertebral fracture type and location, and age. Complete SCI, older age, thoracic fractures, and fractures accompanied by dislocations generally follow a more dismal prognosis [34567]. Among all these factors, the extent of neurological deficits (mostly based on the American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] classification [8]) has been considered the most important predictive factor for functional outcome and prognosis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Long-Term Motor, Sensory, and Urinary Outcomes

Motiei-Langroudi

Sadeghian

2017

Asian Spine J

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Study DesignRetrospective study.PurposeTo evaluate how motor, sensory, and urinary outcomes of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients were influenced in the long term.Overview of LiteratureSCI is a potentially disabling and devastating neurological outcome that can occur because of spinal column fractures. Most studies have not evaluated or have failed to show the influence of different surgical approaches and other parameters on neurological recovery.MethodsA thorough history regarding sensory, motor, and urinary complaints was taken from 103 patients with SCI due to vertebral fracture; patients were followed by a thorough neurological examination. Subsequently, all medical records of patients, including neurological state after trauma, trauma mechanism, treatment protocol, surgical protocol, and imaging findings, were evaluated.ResultsOf the 103 patients, 73.8% were survivors of a major earthquake and 26.2% were victims of vehicle accidents; 92.2% patients were surgically treated, while 7.8% underwent conservative management. The mean follow-up duration was 10.3 years. In follow-up visits, 67.0%, 12.6%, 13.6%, and 6.8% patients showed no, partial, substantial, and complete motor improvement, respectively; 68.0%, 26.2%, and 5.8% showed no, mild, and substantial sensory improvement, respectively; and 73.8%, 17.5%, and 8.7% showed no, substantial, and complete urinary improvement, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age at injury time, follow-up duration, trauma mechanism, and stem cell therapy had no effect on motor, sensory, and urinary improvement. Higher initial scores on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, lumbar fracture level, and performance of laminectomy improved motor outcome; higher initial ASIA scores improved urinary and sensory outcomes.ConclusionsThe initial ASIA score is the most important factor for prognosticating motor, sensory, and urinary improvement in SCI patients. Lumbar (L3–L5) and thoracic (T1–T10) fractures have the best and worst prognosis, respectively, in terms of motor recovery. Laminectomy during surgery improves motor function.

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“…Seven of these papers were excluded either due to lack of epidemiological data on SCI 6,7 or because they cited earlier publications. [8][9][10][11][12] The remaining eight studies [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] were analyzed. Three additional papers on SCI following the EQs in China and Haiti [21][22][23] written by the authors (JR, JG) and another paper by Burns 24 were identified by manual search.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study parameters, population demographics, SCI characteristics (level of lesion and neurological deficit), medical complications and deaths due to complications are presented. Some studies 13,14,17,18 were not SCI-specific and therefore do not provide information on this population. Even some SCIspecific studies 15,24 provide only limited data on SCI characteristics and complications.…”

Section: Selected Data From Recent Severe Eqsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical rehabilitation of spinal cord injury following earthquakes in rehabilitation resource-scarce settings: implications for disaster research

et al. 2013

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Study design: Narrative literature review. Objectives: To (1) summarize epidemiological and scientific research on spinal cord injury (SCI) populations from three severe earthquakes (EQs) in rehabilitation resource-scarce settings; (2) summarize SCI rehabilitation services by local and foreign providers in response to these EQs and (3) provide implications including research gaps for a supporting global scientific research agenda. Setting: International. Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed to identify epidemiological studies reporting data on SCI survivors of the 2005 Kashmir EQ in Pakistan, the Sichuan EQ of 2008 in China and the 2010 Haiti EQ. A follow-up review on the SCI rehabilitation services provided by local and foreign providers in response to these EQs was also performed. Results: Review of the scientific literature revealed the qualitative trends in focused EQ victim epidemiological data, including SCI classification and types of medical complications. Selected EQ country narratives showed that post-disaster SCI rehabilitation services were expanded by adapting local resources with international assistance to manage the significant numbers of SCI survivors. The resulting SCI research was limited. Conclusion: A global disaster research agenda for SCI in EQs in rehabilitation resource-scarce settings is needed to strengthen the evidence base for improvement of clinical management and outcomes for SCI EQ survivors. Expansion of this limited narrative review into a systematic review to identify additional research gaps is a proposed next step. Effective disaster setting data management and research collaborations of foreign and local SCI disability and rehabilitation stakeholders will be required for agenda implementation.

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Analysis of 78 Patients With Spinal Injuries in the 2008 Sichuan, China, Earthquake

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Spinal Injuries in the 2012 Twin Earthquakes, Northwest Iran

Spinal Injuries in the 2012 Twin Earthquakes, Northwest Iran

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Long-Term Motor, Sensory, and Urinary Outcomes

Medical rehabilitation of spinal cord injury following earthquakes in rehabilitation resource-scarce settings: implications for disaster research

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