Analysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate and cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine using negative corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Khayamian, Taghi; Tabrizchi, Mahmoud; Jafari, Mohammad T.

doi:10.1016/s0039-9140(02)00521-0

Cited by 129 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…They are both "soft ionizing", with minor ion fragmenting effects, mainly the molecular ion peak which is consistent with the requirements of FAIMS. Gas discharge is generated through a pair of electrodes applied with a voltage, and the electrodes can be made with highly conductive silicon in MEMS technology (Khayamian et al, 2003;Tabrizchi et al, 2004;Jafari et al, 2007;Khayamian et al, 2001). The discharge can be achieved by DC voltage.…”

Section: Selection Of the Ionisation Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

FAIMS Biochemical Sensor Based on MEMS Technology

Tang¹,

Wang²,

Xu³

2011

New Perspectives in Biosensors Technology and Applications

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Section: Selection Of the Ionisation Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

FAIMS Biochemical Sensor Based on MEMS Technology

Tang¹,

Wang²,

Xu³

2011

New Perspectives in Biosensors Technology and Applications

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“…In contrast, the ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) thechnique has a large potential for monitoring compounds, including explosives [7,8], illegal drugs [9,10], and chemical warfare gents [11,12] due to the advantages of being relatively inexpensive, less bulky, and portable. Recently IMS has been applied in the analysis of exhaled air [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-line measurement of propofol using membrane inlet ion mobility spectrometer

Zhou

Wang

Cang

et al. 2012

Talanta

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“…Ionization of gaseous molecules in the reaction chamber on the IMS can be accomplished in a variety of ways, including radioactive bombardment, [17] corona discharge, [77,78] photoionization (UV, lamps, laser beam), [79,80] electrospray ionization, [74][75][76] surface ionization, [81] and microplasma ionization. [82,83] All of these methods are as effective as radiation bombardment, depending on the applications.…”

Section: Ionization Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The needle and the electrode are placed ~2 mm apart at voltage difference of ~ 2000 V to develop an electrical discharge in the gap, creating large number of electrons. [17,77,78] In the supporting air atmosphere, both negative and positive ions can be formed. It has been reported that the total ion current produced is about 10 to 100 times greater than that of the 63 Ni source and that a lower detection limit and wider linear dynamic range (0 to 10,000 ng) are achieved.…”

Section: Ionization Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the total ion current produced is about 10 to 100 times greater than that of the 63 Ni source and that a lower detection limit and wider linear dynamic range (0 to 10,000 ng) are achieved. [77,78] Corona discharge ionization sources have been considered valuable because there is no radioactivity, they are simple to construct, and they are especially useful for direct analysis of liquid samples. However, corona discharge sources are not favored in field IMS instruments because of several disadvantages including the need for an extra high voltage power supply, maintenance of the discharge surfaces, and off-gassing from corrosion affecting the ion chemistry.…”

Section: Ionization Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Construction and Optimization on an Ion Mobility Spectrometer for the Analysis of Explosives and Drugs

Lai¹

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All rights reserved.iv DEDICATION I dedicate this dissertation to my family, especially to my mom and dad whom many years ago left their mother country with two pairs of empty hands, and brought their children to the land of opportunities. It is because of them that today I have the chance to study and follow my dreams. I could not be where I am today without their love, hard work, support, and sacrifice.They are my existence and my success will forever be theirs.I would like to dedicate this work to all the friends in my personal and professional network, who have always welcomed me with their kind word, kind thought, and kind heart. Last but not least, I dedicate this dissertation to my special friend Michael, who has been by my side throughout the hardest years, to whom I can share my true emotions especially in the down times. His unconditional love, support, trust, and confidence in me has helped and will continue to help me overcome many tough waves in life. Today, over 15,000 Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) analyzers are employed at worldwide security checkpoints to detect explosives and illicit drugs. Current portal IMS instruments and other electronic nose technologies detect explosives and drugs by analyzing samples containing the headspace air and loose particles residing on a surface. Canines can outperform these systems at sampling and detecting the low vapor pressure explosives and drugs, such as RDX, PETN, cocaine, and MDMA, because these biological detectors target the volatile signature compounds available in the headspace rather than the non-volatile parent compounds of explosives and drugs.In this dissertation research volatile signature compounds available in the headspace over explosive and drug samples were detected using SPME as a headspace sampling tool coupled to an IMS analyzer. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique was developed to optimize the operating conditions of a commercial IMS (GE Itemizer 2), leading to the successful detection of plastic explosives (Detasheet, Semtex H, and C-4) and illicit drugs (cocaine, MDMA, and marijuana).Short sampling times (between 10 sec to 5 min) were adequate to extract and preconcentrate sufficient analytes (> 20 ng) representing the volatile signatures in the headspace of a 15 mL glass vial or a quart-sized can containing ≤ 1 g of the bulk explosive or drug.vii Furthermore, a research grade IMS with flexibility for changing operating conditions and physical configurations was designed and fabricated to accommodate future research into different analytes or physical configurations. The design and construction of the FIU-IMS were facilitated by computer modeling and simulation of ion's behavior within an IMS. The simulation method developed uses SIMION/SDS and was evaluated with experimental data collected using a commercial IMS (PCP Phemto Chem 110). The FIU-IMS instrument has comparable performance to the GE Itemizer 2 (average resolving power of 14, resolution of 3 between two drugs and two explosives, and LODs range from 0.7 to 9 ng).The results ...

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Analysis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate and cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine using negative corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Cited by 129 publications

References 11 publications

FAIMS Biochemical Sensor Based on MEMS Technology

FAIMS Biochemical Sensor Based on MEMS Technology

On-line measurement of propofol using membrane inlet ion mobility spectrometer

The Construction and Optimization on an Ion Mobility Spectrometer for the Analysis of Explosives and Drugs

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