Analysis methods of ginsenosides

Fuzzati, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.07.039

Cited by 230 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Ocotillol group of ginsenosides observed in other Panax species, such as P. quinquefolius , P. japonicus , and P. vietnamensis have a five‐membered epoxy ring at C‐20 . The oleanane‐group ( 1.4 ) has one identified ginsenoside Ro with minor amounts in P. ginseng and it contains a pentacyclic structure with aglycone oleanolic acid . In addition, some other types of ginsenosides, such as the panaxatriol‐type and dammarenediol‐type ginsenosides, have also been identified in Panax species.…”

Section: Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?

et al. 2018

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This review is devoted to adaptogens, plant products capable of producing nonspecific responses in the human body, resulting in increasing the resistance against multiple stressors (physical, chemical or biological) and capable of having a normalizing effect to the human body. Adaptogens must be non-toxic, harmless, capable of not influencing normal body functions more than required, and capable of treating depression, a common neuropsychiatric illness, the importance of which is increasing by number of new patients every year. Number of plants are able to produce natural compounds, which meet the criteria of becoming adaptogens. The most known of them are used in traditional medicine for centuries.

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Section: Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?

et al. 2018

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“…The multiple medical effects of ginseng are mainly attributable to its bioactive components, which include ginsenosides, polysaccharides, peptides, polyacetylenic alcohols, and fatty acids. The ginsenosides, 80 of which have been identified to date, are the most pharmacologically active of the ginseng compounds …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of preimplantation and postimplantation embryonic development through intrinsic apoptotic processes by ginsenoside Rg1in vitroandin vivo

Anggelia

Chan

2017

Environmental Toxicology

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Ginsenoside Rg1, which is the most abundant compound found in Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng), has demonstrated various pharmacological actions, including neuroprotective, immune-stimulatory, and antidiabetic effects. Pregnant women, especially in the Asian community, consume ginseng as a nutritive supplement. Thus, the effects of ginsenoside-Rg1 on embryonic development need to be investigated, such as in a mouse model. As previous investigations have found that ginsenoside Rg1 appears to either trigger or prevent apoptosis in different cell lines, the effects of this agent on apoptosis remain to be clarified. In this study, we investigated whether ginsenoside Rg1 exerts a hazardous effect on mouse blastocysts and/or affects subsequent embryonic development in vitro and in vivo. Blastocysts treated with 25-100 μM ginsenoside Rg1 exhibited significant induction of apoptosis and a corresponding decrease in the inner cell mass (ICM) cell number. Importantly, the implantation rate was lower among ginsenoside Rg1-treated blastocysts compared to untreated controls. Moreover, embryo transfer assays revealed that blastocysts treated with 100 μM ginsenoside Rg1 exhibited increased resorption of postimplantation embryos and decreased weight among surviving fetuses. In vivo, intravenous injection of mice with ginsenoside Rg1 (2, 4, or 6 mg/kg body weight/day) for 4 days was associated with increased apoptosis of blastocyst-stage embryos and negatively impacted early embryonic development. Further experiments revealed that these effects may reflect the ability of ginsenoside Rg1 to trigger oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptotic signaling. Our in vitro results indicate that ginsenoside　Rg1 treatment increases intracellular oxidative stress, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and activates caspase-9 and caspase-3, but not caspase-8. Taken together, our study results strongly suggest that ginsenoside Rg1 induces apoptosis and impairs the early preimplantation and postimplantation development of mouse embryos, both in vitro and in vivo.

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“…However, little is known about its effective constituents. On the basis of the previous research on the individual botanicals, ginsenoside,27, 28 ophiopogonin,29, 30 ophiopogonone,31, 32 and lignan2, 33 have been proposed as the active components in P. ginseng, R. ophiopogonis, and S. chinensis , respectively. Using the presently established methodology, more than 30 ginsenosides and 20 lignans, was originally identified from Shengmai injection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic fragment‐ion‐based extension strategy for rapid screening and identification of serial components of homologous families contained in traditional Chinese medicine prescription using high‐resolution LC‐ESI‐ IT‐TOF/MS: Shengmai injection as an example

Zheng¹,

Hao²,

Wang³

et al. 2008

J. Mass Spectrom.

103

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The paper presents a modified and universally applicable diagnostic fragment-ion-based extension strategy (DFIBES) to efficiently process the information acquired by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization source in combination with hybrid ion trap and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry [LC-(ESI)-IT-TOF/MS], facilitating the structural determination of serial components contained in traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMP). The key advantage of DFIBES is that it facilitates the rapid classification of the complicated peaks into well-known chemical families, which significantly simplifies the complicated procedures of structural characterization. Moreover, considering that a certain family of compounds usually produces identical fragment ions, the DFIBES would be widely applicable to many other families of compounds identification besides the presently validated ginsenosides and lignans. Shengmai injection, composed of Panax ginseng, Radix ophiopogonis, and Schisandra chinensis, was taken as a TCMP example to conduct and validate the proposed DFIBES. Diagnostic fragment ions (DFI) for each chemical family contained in Shengmai injection was firstly determined or proposed from the separated analysis of 15 authentic standards and the extract of S. chinensis. The ESI-MSn fragmentation patterns of ginsenosides and lignans were then systematically studied for developing the 'structure extension' approach. Upon LC-IT-TOF/MS analysis and DFIBES, more than 30 ginsenosides and 20 lignans have been rapidly detected and identified from Shengmai injection, supporting that the DFIBES is a very powerful strategy and would be widely applicable for the complicated components identification from TCMP and other complicated mixtures.

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Analysis methods of ginsenosides

Cited by 230 publications

References 57 publications

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?

Impairment of preimplantation and postimplantation embryonic development through intrinsic apoptotic processes by ginsenoside Rg1in vitroandin vivo

Diagnostic fragment‐ion‐based extension strategy for rapid screening and identification of serial components of homologous families contained in traditional Chinese medicine prescription using high‐resolution LC‐ESI‐ IT‐TOF/MS: Shengmai injection as an example

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Analysis methods of ginsenosides

Cited by 230 publications

References 57 publications

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21stCentury?

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21stCentury?

Impairment of preimplantation and postimplantation embryonic development through intrinsic apoptotic processes by ginsenoside Rg1in vitroandin vivo

Diagnostic fragment‐ion‐based extension strategy for rapid screening and identification of serial components of homologous families contained in traditional Chinese medicine prescription using high‐resolution LC‐ESI‐ IT‐TOF/MS: Shengmai injection as an example

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Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?

Plant Adaptogens: Natural Medicaments for 21^stCentury?