Analysis and Topographical Distribution of Gut Diamine Oxidase Activity in Patients with Food Allergy

Raithel, Martin; Ulrich, P.; Keymling, J.; Hahn, Eckhart G.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11141.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…18,30,46 Elevated histamine concentrations 47 and diminished diaminoxidase activities were found in the colonic mucosa of patients with food allergy (FA). 45,48,49 Furthermore, a low HNMT activity has been observed in both FA 48 and asthma bronchiale. 50 Here we describe a significantly higher number of symptoms of HIT in a subgroup of patients with AE that might be caused by a reduced histamine degradation capacity in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a reduced histamine degradation capacity in a subgroup of patients with atopic eczema

Maintz

Benfadal²,

Allam³

et al. 2006

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a reduced histamine degradation capacity in a subgroup of patients with atopic eczema

Maintz

Benfadal²,

Allam³

et al. 2006

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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“…Besides headache, gastrointestinal ailments including diffuse stomach ache, colic, flatulence, and diarrhea are leading symptoms of histamine intolerance. Elevated histamine concentrations and diminished DAO activities have been shown for various inflammatory and neoplastic diseases such as Crohn disease (17), ulcerative colitis (67), allergic enteropathy (39), food allergy (33,68,69), and colorectal neoplasmas (24). In the colonic mucosa of patients with food allergy, a concomitant reduced HNMT (70) and an impaired total histamine degradation capacity (THDC) (69) have been found (33), so that the enzymes cannot compensate each other.…”

Section: Histamine and Gastrointestinummentioning

confidence: 99%

Histamine and histamine intolerance

Maintz

Novak

2007

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

699

665

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Histamine intolerance results from a disequilibrium of accumulated histamine and the capacity for histamine degradation. Histamine is a biogenic amine that occurs to various degrees in many foods. In healthy persons, dietary histamine can be rapidly detoxified by amine oxidases, whereas persons with low amine oxidase activity are at risk of histamine toxicity. Diamine oxidase (DAO) is the main enzyme for the metabolism of ingested histamine. It has been proposed that DAO, when functioning as a secretory protein, may be responsible for scavenging extracellular histamine after mediator release. Conversely, histamine N-methyltransferase, the other important enzyme inactivating histamine, is a cytosolic protein that can convert histamine only in the intracellular space of cells. An impaired histamine degradation based on reduced DAO activity and the resulting histamine excess may cause numerous symptoms mimicking an allergic reaction. The ingestion of histamine-rich food or of alcohol or drugs that release histamine or block DAO may provoke diarrhea, headache, rhinoconjunctival symptoms, asthma, hypotension, arrhythmia, urticaria, pruritus, flushing, and other conditions in patients with histamine intolerance. Symptoms can be reduced by a histamine-free diet or be eliminated by antihistamines. However, because of the multifaceted nature of the symptoms, the existence of histamine intolerance has been underestimated, and further studies based on double-blind, placebo-controlled provocations are needed. In patients in whom the abovementioned symptoms are triggered by the corresponding substances and who have a negative diagnosis of allergy or internal disorders, histamine intolerance should be considered as an underlying pathomechanism.

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“…This is supported by studies correlating DAO/HNMT deficit (measured by SNPs) or increases in blood serum histamine concentrations with the severity of allergic diseases like atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis or asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 ]. Additionally, DAO deficits were observed in bowel diseases, for example, celiac disease or acute gastroenteritis in children [ 21 , 22 ] and recurrent urticaria, colon adenoma, carbohydrate malabsorption as well as food allergies in adults [ 30 , 32 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Also, the DAO activity level was proposed as a bowel integrity marker [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histamine Intolerance in Children: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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Histamine intolerance is defined as a disequilibrium of accumulated histamine and the capacity for histamine degradation. This clinical term addresses a non-immunologically mediated pathology when histamine ingested with food is not particularly high, however its degradation is decreased. This paper aims to provide a narrative review on etiopathology, epidemiology, possible diagnostic algorithms and diagnostic challenges of histamine intolerance in children. The clinical picture of histamine intolerance in children is similar to that observed in adults apart from male predominance found in paediatric patients. Both in children and adults, a histamine-reduced diet is typically the treatment of choice. Diamine oxidase supplementation offers another treatment option. There is no symptom or test pathognomonic for histamine intolerance. Nevertheless, manifestations of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, measurements of diamine oxidase deficits, positive results of histamine provocation tests and improvement in symptoms with histamine-reduced diet considerably increase the probability of histamine intolerance diagnosis. These factors have been included in the proposed diagnostic algorithm for histamine intolerance. In children histamine intolerance most likely co-occurs with allergies and bowel diseases, which creates an additional diagnostic challenge. As the evidence for children is poor further research is needed the determine epidemiology, validate diagnostic algorithms and establish possible treatment options regarding histamine intolerance.

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Analysis and Topographical Distribution of Gut Diamine Oxidase Activity in Patients with Food Allergy

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Evidence for a reduced histamine degradation capacity in a subgroup of patients with atopic eczema

Evidence for a reduced histamine degradation capacity in a subgroup of patients with atopic eczema

Histamine and histamine intolerance

Histamine Intolerance in Children: A Narrative Review

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