Analysis and projection of energy consumption in Ecuador: Energy efficiency policies in the transportation sector

Castro-Verdezoto, Pedro Luis; Vidoza, Jorge A.; Gallo, Waldyr Luiz Ribeiro

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2019.110948

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Esta diferencia, con respecto a otros contextos, se puede explicar por el mínimo consumo comparativo de las edificaciones para abastecer demandas de acondicionamiento ambiental, frente a edificaciones en países estacionales en los cuales los requerimientos energéticos para ambientación, gracias al clima favorable, condición explicada previamente. Contrariamente, en cuanto a transporte, el alto consumo es consecuencia un alto índice de transporte particular a combustión, situación impulsada por el subsidio a combustibles, por ello se espera que este se mantenga como la demanda más alta de combustibles en los próximos años [36]. [31], se puede apreciar que el consumo total registrado en el año 2015 es del equivalente 2739 KBEP en electricidad o combustibles fósiles.…”

Section: Resultados Potencial Energético Con Recursos Endógenosunclassified

Revisión conjunta de fuentes primordiales para autoabastecimiento energético urbano e incidencia solar como principal fuente, en contexto de ciudad ecuatorial-andina

Zalamea

Barrgán-Escandón

2020

ACI

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Este trabajo realiza la revisión conjunta de una serie de investigaciones de posibilidades tecnológicas para determinar la potencial auto-aprovisionamiento energético desde recursos urbanos en ciudades andinas ecuatoriales. A partir de ello se establecen resultados obtenidos desde los recursos energéticos disponibles. Inicialmente se describe, qué posibilidades reales existirían en Cuenca Ecuador a través de encuestas, acorde a criterio de expertos; se presentan cinco alternativas seleccionadas y una sexta complementaria (biomasa desde podas realizada ulteriormente) y se resume una pre-estimación de potencial entre ellas. Se detecta que, la energía solar es por lejos, la alternativa con mayor potencial y con mejor adaptabilidad desde aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos. Se revisa metodologías aplicadas para la determinación de potencial fotovoltaico con los principales resultados encontrados en Cuenca. Se mide que con las tecnologías analizadas, conjuntamente se puede abastecer sobre el 14 % de las demandas urbanas actuales; no obstante, de convertirse las desmandas de combustibles a eléctricas, el potencial se incrementa al 39 %, gracias al potencial solar y fotovoltaico. Se concluye que las condiciones ecuatoriales andinas existentes en Cuenca son de las más ventajosas en el mundo para alcanzar máximos estándares energéticos en edificios. Además, la alternativa para alcanzar un máximo auto aprovisionamiento es incluir transporte eléctrico para abastecerse desde el excedente solar urbano.

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Section: Resultados Potencial Energético Con Recursos Endógenosunclassified

Revisión conjunta de fuentes primordiales para autoabastecimiento energético urbano e incidencia solar como principal fuente, en contexto de ciudad ecuatorial-andina

Zalamea

Barrgán-Escandón

2020

ACI

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“…A growing sector is capable of investing in new, low-carbon or carbon-neutral technologies, with a lower degree of dependency on state subsidies [128], since incumbent firms are growing and able to invest more. On the other hand, a growing sector demonstrates a high-energy demand, and thus stricter policies must be implemented in order to avoid a carbon lock-in [129].…”

Section: Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many Miles to Paris: A Sectoral Innovation System Analysis of the Transport Sector in Norway and Canada in Light of the Paris Agreement

et al. 2020

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Transport is associated with high amounts of energy consumed and greenhouse gases emitted. Most transport means operate using fossil fuels, creating the urgent need for a rapid transformation of the sector. In this research, we examine the transport systems of Norway and Canada, two countries with similar shares of greenhouse gas emissions from transport and powerful oil industries operating within their boundaries. Our socio-technical analysis, based on the Sectoral Innovation Systems approach, attempts to identify the elements enabling Norway to become one of the leaders in the diffusion of electric vehicles, as well as the differences pacing down progress in Canada. By utilising the System Failure framework to compare the two systems, bottlenecks hindering the decarbonisation of the two transport systems are identified. Results indicate that the effectiveness of Norway’s policy is exaggerated and has led to recent spillover effects towards green shipping. The activity of oil companies, regional and federal legislative disputes in Canada and the lack of sincere efforts from system actors to address challenges lead to non-drastic greenhouse gas emission reductions, despite significant policy efforts from both countries. Insights into the effectiveness of previously implemented policies and the evolution of the two sectoral systems can help draw lessons towards sustainable transport.

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“…However, the separation efficiency calculation can also be performed on a mass basis (%w/w). The percentage of ηg calculation was expressed as followed equation (1).…”

Section: Separation Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically, fossil fuel has been used in petrochemical production to produce fuel, electricity, chemical feedstock etc. Oil fuel is the main product from petrochemical production, and it is essentially consumed for transportation sector over 80% [1], however, fossil fuel is non-renewable energy and it generates a ton of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur, nitrogen dioxide and various harmful gases. Moreover, those pollutants can cause global warming and acid rain that are serious problem in nowadays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocoagulation with AC Electrical Current at Low Voltage for Separation of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Product Mixture

et al. 2020

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Electrocoagulation with AC electrical current at low voltage was implemented to remove crude glycerol from biodiesel which was produced via transesterification reaction of refined palm oil (RPO) as feedstock with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide derivative-catalyst at 60°C for 2 hr using the conventional heating in the water bath. Effects of point-to-point electrode configuration, electrode materials, inter-electrode distances, optimized AC low voltages, molar ratios of glycerol and biodiesel product mixture on the separation time and the separation efficiency were studied. Electrocoagulation process with applied AC at 96 V and using Al point-to-point electrodes at the inter-electrode distance of 0.1 cm could efficiently remove free glycerol more than the gravitation settling for the separation time of 120 s. The separation efficiency was over 99.99%. Even though the clear interface between biodiesel and glycerol was firstly observed after applying the electrocoagulation for 30 s, the separation time had to proceed for additional 90 s to eliminate unreacted catalyst. The methyl ester content of 98.56±0.47 wt% was obtained after purification with 2 times of water-washing. This process can be achieved by shortening the separation time and could significantly reduce the water consumption during the purification process.

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Analysis and projection of energy consumption in Ecuador: Energy efficiency policies in the transportation sector

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Revisión conjunta de fuentes primordiales para autoabastecimiento energético urbano e incidencia solar como principal fuente, en contexto de ciudad ecuatorial-andina

Revisión conjunta de fuentes primordiales para autoabastecimiento energético urbano e incidencia solar como principal fuente, en contexto de ciudad ecuatorial-andina

Many Miles to Paris: A Sectoral Innovation System Analysis of the Transport Sector in Norway and Canada in Light of the Paris Agreement

Electrocoagulation with AC Electrical Current at Low Voltage for Separation of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Product Mixture

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