Analysis and prediction of thermal shock in brittle materials

Collin, M.; Rowcliffe, D. J.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6454(00)00011-2

Cited by 159 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…3 Afterward, numerous theoretical and experimental studies on thermal shock failure of ceramics have been reported. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among them, Hasselman gave qualitatively theoretical predictions of crack propagation behaviour in polycrystalline alumina rods under thermal shock by water quenching. 5 Lu and Fleck analyzed the thermal shock resistance of brittle solids by use of a stress-based fracture criterion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct numerical simulations on crack formation in ceramic materials under thermal shock by using a non-local fracture model

Song

Jiang

2013

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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In this work, a non-local failure model was proposed and implemented into a finite element code. It was then used to simulate the crack evolution in ceramic materials subjected to thermal shock. By using this numerical model, the initiation and propagation of cracks in water quenched ceramic specimens were simulated. The numerical simulations reproduced faithfully the crack patterns in ceramic specimens underwent quenching tests. The periodical and hierarchical characteristics of the crack patterns were accurately predicted. The numerical simulations allow a direct observation on whole the process of crack initiation and growth, which is quite a difficult task in experimental studies. The failure mechanisms and the fracture procedure are discussed according to the numerical results obtained from the simulations. It is shown that the numerical model is simple, robust, accurate and efficient in simulating crack evolution in real structures under thermal shock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct numerical simulations on crack formation in ceramic materials under thermal shock by using a non-local fracture model

Song

Jiang

2013

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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“…Both theories have been extensively used, but some basic problems remain. Numerous theoretical and experimental studies on the thermal shock failure of ceramics have been conducted [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Among them, Hasselman [7] provided qualitative theoretical predictions of the crack propagation behavior of polycrystalline alumina rods under thermal shock caused by water quenching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lu and Fleck [9] analyzed the thermal shock resistance of brittle solids using a stress-based fracture criterion for a plate containing a distribution of flaws, such as pores, and a critical stress intensity factor criterion for a plate containing a single dominant crack aligned with the through thickness direction. Collin and Rowcliffe [11] studied the thermal shock behavior of brittle materials using the indentation quench method, obtained crack growth vs. temperature curves, and derived an expression for predicting the thermal shock resistance. Han and Wang [15] conducted thermal shock studies for three typical thermal shock specimens and demonstrated the significance of incorporating temperaturedependent material properties for the thermal shock resistance of ceramics for high temperature applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the mechanism of formation and numerical simulations of crack patterns in ceramics subjected to thermal shock

Jiang

et al. 2012

Acta Materialia

134

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The present work examines the mechanism of formation of thermal shock crack patterns in ceramics. An attempt has been made to bridge the gap between theoretical predictions and experimental data. A set of experiments on thin ceramic specimens yielded two-dimensional readings of thermal shock crack patterns with periodical and hierarchical characteristics that vary with the thermal shock temperature. Based on the minimum potential energy principle the finite element method was used for numerical simulations, in which the temperature dependence of the material properties was considered. To overcome the difficulty of a lack of accurate data on the convective heat transfer coefficient at high temperatures, a "semi-inverse method" was developed, which explores a new method for estimating a physical quantity that is difficult to measure using physical quantities, which are relatively easy to measure. The numerical and experimental data were compared and discussed. The obtained numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the numerical simulations can conveniently reproduce the evolution of thermal shock cracks, which is difficult to observe experimentally. In addition, some interesting phenomena related to thermal shock crack pattern evolution were observed. The present theoretical-numerical-experimental study has led to a much improved understanding of the formation and evolution of thermal shock crack patterns in ceramics.

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“…Thermal shocks are often made using lasers, electric arcs, plasmas or electrons beams in case of passage from room temperature to a warm medium whereas in the case of quenching experiments on brittle materials [18] water is often used as cooling liquid.…”

Section: Historical Review -Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Methods for HTR Fuel Waste Management

Guittonneau

Abdelouas

Grambow

et al. 2008

Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology, Volume 2

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Considering the need to reduce waste production and greenhouse emissions by still keeping high energy efficiency, various 4 th generation nuclear energy systems have been proposed. As far as graphite moderated reactors are concerned, one of the key issues is the large volumes of irradiated graphite encountered (1770 m 3 for fuel elements and 840 m 3 for reflector elements during the lifetime (60 years) of a single reactor module [1]). With the objective to reduce volume of waste in the HTR concept, it is very important to be able to separate the fuel from low level activity graphite. This requires to separate TRISO particles from the graphite matrix with the sine qua non condition to not break TRISO particles in case of future embedding of particles in a matrix for disposal.According to National Regulatory Systems, in case of limited graphite waste production or of short duration HTR projects (e.g. in Germany), direct disposal without separation is acceptable. Nevertheless, in case of large scale deployment of HTR technology, such approach is not economical and sustainable. Previous attempts in graphite management (furnace, fluidised bed and laser incinerations and encapsulation matrices) dealt with graphite matrix only. These are the reasons why we studied the management of irradiated compact-type fuel element. We simulated the presence of fuel in the particles by using ZrO 2 kernels. Compacts with ZrO 2 TRISO particles were manufactured by AREVA NP.Two original methods have been studied. First, we tested high pressure jet to erode graphite and clean TRISO particles. Best erosion rate reached about 0.18 kg/h for a single nose ending. Examination of treated graphite showed a mixture of undamaged TRISO particles, particles that have lost the outer pyrolytic carbon layer and ZrO 2 kernels. Secondly, we studied the thermal shock method by immerging successively graphite into liquid nitrogen and hot water to cause fracturing of the compact. This produced particles and graphite fragments with diameter ranging from several centimetres to less than 500 µm. This relatively simple and economic method may potentially be considered as a pre-treatment step and be coupled with other method(s) before reprocessing and recycling for example.

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Analysis and prediction of thermal shock in brittle materials

Cited by 159 publications

References 32 publications

Direct numerical simulations on crack formation in ceramic materials under thermal shock by using a non-local fracture model

Direct numerical simulations on crack formation in ceramic materials under thermal shock by using a non-local fracture model

A study of the mechanism of formation and numerical simulations of crack patterns in ceramics subjected to thermal shock

New Methods for HTR Fuel Waste Management

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